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高考改错题及答案分析,高考改错题及答案
tamoadmin 2024-06-14 人已围观
简介1.英语改错题,可不可以把no换成so啊2.高考语文成语改错题3.高考英语改错常见考点有哪些 短文改错解题思路和检查原则: 1.句中各部分的结构是否完整,特别是每个句子要有动词; 2. 谓语动词的时态、语态; 3.非谓语动词的用法; 4.名词的单、复数,格的使用是否正确; 5.定冠词和不定冠词是否正确; 6.代词的格和性的使用是否有误; 7.
1.英语改错题,可不可以把no换成so啊
2.高考语文成语改错题
3.高考英语改错常见考点有哪些
短文改错解题思路和检查原则:
1.句中各部分的结构是否完整,特别是每个句子要有动词;
2. 谓语动词的时态、语态;
3.非谓语动词的用法;
4.名词的单、复数,格的使用是否正确;
5.定冠词和不定冠词是否正确;
6.代词的格和性的使用是否有误;
7.定语从句中关系代词、副词是否准确无误;
8.并列句中的并列连词、主从复合句中的从属连词用的是否得当。短文改错解题四原则:改动以最少为原则; 虚词以添加或删除为原则; 实词以改变词形为原则以保持句子原意为原则。短文改错解题步骤:通读全文,掌握大意; 整句分析,逐行推敲
反复通读,复查验证。解题注意要点和能力培养:1.核对错项时,若的确有一时难以改出的地方,可以参考所改动项是否基本符合?1:1:8?的比例。即多一词1个,缺词1个,错词8个。
2.核对改正的语法项目是否有重复。因为短文改错往往覆盖面广,一般不会出现重复考查某个语法点的现象。
3.核对答题符号是否规范,位置是否准确,看看有无遗漏符号,忽略字母大小写和拼写等问题。
短文改错常见错误类型:1. 谓语动词的错误是历年考试的重点和热点,常见动词错误类型有①一般现在时与一般过去时错用;②and前后动词时态不一致;③主谓不一致; ④缺少动词,特别是be动词; ⑤第三人称单数形式错用;⑥主动语态和被动语态错用。 Theydid not want me to do any work at home; they want me to devote allmy time to my studies.(did改为do,错误类型属于①) As weclimbed the mountain, we fed monkeys, visiting temples and toldstories. (visiting 改为visited, 错误类型属于②) Therewill an important game next month. (will后加be,错误类型属于④) Oneevening she told me that something happened when her parents wasout. ( was 改为were,错误类型属于③)
2. 名词的常见错误:单复数名词错用,可数名词与不可数名词错用。I?ll get good marks in all mysubject.(subject改为subjects) Theirword were a great encouragement to me.(word改为words) Withoutenough knowledges, you can never teach well.(knowledges改为knowledge)
3. 连词错误 连词包括关系代词、副词,并列连词and/ or/but等。关于连词,一般考查从句关系who/whom/whose/what/which/how/why/when/where/if/whether等。 I havea good friend who?s name is Liu Mei. (错用了who的'所有格形式,改为whose) I teachthem, play with them, but watch them growing up.(此处应该是并列的关系而非转折,but改为and) Cleveras she is, but she works very hard.(as意为?尽管?,不能再跟but连用,所以去掉but)
4. 冠词错误:误用a和an(根据单词的第一个音素来判定);误用a/an和the(固定搭配,或泛指、特指;多冠词或少冠词) We maybe one family and live under a same roof. (a 改为the,thesame 是固定搭配) Aseveryone knows, it?s famous mountain with all kinds ofpants. (mountain是可数名词需用冠词,所以其前加a) I hopeyou have pleasant journey.(journey是可数名词,故have后加a)
5. 形容词和副词错误:系动词后用形容词(be/am/is/are/was/were/become/go/感官性动词smell/feel);词性的误用(形容词修饰名词;副词修饰动词、形容词)。I?m sure we?ll have a wonderfully timetogether. (time是名词所以要用形容词wonderful修饰) Mypronunciation was terribly.(was后用形容词,terribly改为terrible.)
6. 代词错误:代词的主格和宾格(I / me;he/him; she/ her; we/ us they/ them )错误;反身代词(myself/yourself/himself/herself/themselves/ourselves)使用错误;代词的单数和复数使用错误;代词指代错误;多代词或少代词。 Soon Ibegan to enjoy talking to myself on paper as I was learning toexpress me in simple English. (me 改为myself) One dayI wrote a little story and showed to my teacher.(to前加it) If anyone of us had any difficulty in our life and study, the other wouldhelp him out. (other后加s) What?smore, you have to be friends with your pupils and take good care ofhim. (him改为them)
7. 非谓语动词的常见错误:不定式、动名词作主语、宾语时;and连接的不定式或动名词前后不一致(尤其距离较远时);介词后用动名词形式作宾语;某些动词后要求接动名词或不定式。 Soon Ibegan to enjoy talk to myself on paper. (enjoy 后需接动名词,talk改为talking) But hisparents think go to college is more important than playing sports.(go作主语,应改为going) Children may not develop the habit of read and the abilityto enjoy themselves. (介词后用动名词形式作宾语,read改为reading) Iparticularly enjoyed driving through the countryside with you andsaw the changing colors of the leaves on the trees. (and连接的不定式或动名词前后不一致,故saw改为seeing)
8. 介词错误:词组中的介词误用;介词意思理解偏差;介词的多用或少用 Thereare too many people among my family. (among改为in,in myfamily 为固定搭配) I wasso tired that I fell asleep at the moment my head touched thepillow. (去掉at, themoment 引导从句)
英语改错题,可不可以把no换成so啊
1.高中20个英语句子改错
1.Whose that boy over there?>>Who's that boy over there?2.It's the time of a year for the rice harvest>>It's the time of the year for the rice harvest.3.Water runs'along channels to every part of the garden>>Water runs along channels to every part of the garden.4.He had the farmers to work by the light of the moon>> He had the farmers work by the light of the moon.5.My parents made me studied last night>> My parents made me study last night.6.I hope you to be well and healthy>> I hope you are well and healthy. 7.This is my turn to water the garden and flowers>> It is my turn to water the garden of flowers.8.We grow rice in the south,but in the north where it is cold they grow wheat>> We grow rice in the south, but they grow wheat in the north which is cold.9.Which school does he go now?>> Which school does he go to now?10.In experts opinions,it's not good for children to drink.>> In experts' opinions, it's not good for children to drink.11.We have employed ten men to help>> We have employed ten men for help.12.As the results of many experiments,wheat can now be grown in the south>> As the result of many experiments, wheat can now be grown in the south.13.Here are some dose and don'ts>> Here are some dos and don'ts.14.Put some vinegar in the fish to make it taste better>> Put some vinegar on the fish to make it taste better.15.We went to holiday in Kun Ming for a week>> We went for holiday in Kun Ming for a week.16.Water is suck from this hole through a tube>> Water is sucked from this hole through a tube.17.Air is mixture of gases>> Air is a mixture of gases.18.Make sure of what you are asked to do before you start>> Be sure of what you are asked to do before you start.19.She said to me not to put everything in to the cupboard>> She said to me not to put everything into the cupboard.20.Car rngines are driven by work of patrol,of gas>> Car engines are driven by work of patrol and gas.。
2.英语改错题 技巧 高中词组短语整合 谢谢要做好改错题,首先要过语法关。
建议你用魏老师的《高考语法完全突破》视频教程好好地系统学习一下语法,然后再用以下技巧检验。高考英语短文改错解题技巧 魏训刚短文改错对考生的要求较高,是对语言知识综合运用能力的考查,考生在该项上往往失分较多,那么如何做好改错题,结合自己数年的教学经验,笔者认为要想在短文改错上取得理想的成绩,除了平时打好基础外,在应考时还要做到以下几点:一、先通读全文。
认真阅读短文,在做题之前确保已经弄清原文大意。根据短文大意和上下文逻辑关系,对文章进行逐字逐句的分析,检查句子的结构是否完整,语气是否连贯,启承转合是否符合文意等。
二.综合运用所学语言知识,根据各行不同的错误情况分别进行答题(即改词、加词或减词)。在短文改错中常出现的错误主要有以下几类:1. 名词:单复数用错,可数与不可数名词的混用。
大多数短文改错都会有此类的错误。如:Happy birthday, Peter, and many happy return of the day! (2000 北京春考),此句中return虽然可以作可数名词也可做不可数名词,但此处显然为可数名词,故应用其复数,returns。
(1)On the way up I was busy taking picture since the scenery was so beautiful. 81(NMET 2002)句中picture应为pictures(2)Their word were a great encouragement to me. 85(NMET 2003)句中word应为words(3) …but after class we become stranger at…83 (NMET 2004) 句中stranger应为strangers2. 动词:时态和语态,常出现在总体时态为过去或现在时,中间杂有不适的另一时态的现象;或是及物动词后无宾语,或是不及物动词后加了宾语;需要接ing形式的接了to,或相反等。如:(1)Around the world young people are spending a lot of money in listening pop music. 本句中listen是不及物动词,不能直接接宾语,应在其后加to。
(2)She liked it very much and reads it to the class. All said the story was a good one.84(NMET 2003)句中reads应为过去式read(3)As we climbed the mountain, we fed monkeys, visiting temples and told stories.80(NMET 2002)此句visiting 应为visited(4)One day I wrote a little story and showed to my teacher. 83 (NMET 2003)此句中showed是及物动词,其后要加it作其宾语。(5)Soon I began to enjoy talk to myself on paper as I was learning to express me in simple English. 81 (NMET 2003) 句中talk应为talking, 因为enjoy后接doing.3. 形容词副词:常出现需形容词的地方用了副词或相反;关系副词where, when, why等的缺失或错用,如:(1) I would describe myself as shy and quietly. 77(NMET 2004)句中副词quietly 应改为形容词quiet(2) It was about noon ˇwe arrived at the foot of the mountain. 78 (NMET 2002)此句we的前面缺了关系副词when, when在此处引导一个时间状语从句。
(3) I live in Beijing, where is the capital of China. 89 (NMET 1997) 此句中,where应改为which,因为关系副词不能在句中定语从句中做主语。4. 介词:主要是介词的多余或缺失,错用。
这一部分需要平时多多积累,弄清常用介词的搭配。(1)We must keep in mind that we play for the team instead ˇourselves.92 (NMET 1998) 此句中instead 和ourselves之间需加上of, 因为instead是副词,本身不可以接名词。
(2) I was so tired that I fell asleep at the moment my head touched the pillow. 85(NMET 2002)句中at多余。(3) The main problem was in that I always thought in Chinese… 77(NMET 2003)句中in多余。
(4) I'm a newcomer here of a small town. 76(NMET 2004)句中of 应改为from 5. 主谓一致性:第三人称单数漏掉s,或主语为复数,谓语动词用了单数;再就是就近原则对主语的影响。Now my picture and the prize is hanging in the library.(NMET 2000)此句中主语是my picture and the prize, is 应改为are.6. 冠词:定冠词the的多余或缺失,如季节,月份,星期,球类及三餐活动,称呼头衔前等不能加the的地方加了the,或是same等常和the一起使用的词却漏税掉了the;a, an的混用,特别注意:hour, honest等虽然首字母不是元音字母,但其发音却是以元音素开头,故用an,而useful, university, European, one-hour等虽然首字母是元音字母,但却以辅音音素开头,故用a。
如:As everyone knows, it's ˇfamous mountain with all kinds of plants and animals. 76 (NMET 2002)此处famous前应加上冠词a7. 数词:主要是序数词与基数词的混用和错用,如分数的分子大于一时分母没有用复数等,基数词的复数形式如几百hundreds of,几千thousands of漏掉了s,或是当其前有具体数字或several时加了复数,如seven hundred,写作seven hundreds。 8. 连词:不合句中的逻辑关系。
如需转折连词(如but)的时候用了承接连词(so),或相反等等。如:(1)The food was expensive and the service was good. 84(NMET 2002)根据句意,此句中连词and应改为 but 。
(2) I am trying to improve the situation since it doesn't seem to work. 84 (NMET 2004)此句中since应改为but。9. 代词:主要是代词的格与数的错用。
如。
高考语文成语改错题
现在高考题中必有一道题是短文改错,共十分,既然叫“短文改错”,就必须根据上下文以及作者的用意来进行思维,有的是语法错误,有的是逻辑错误。你所说的,把no 改成so ,从语法角度来说,是正确的,但是,脱离了上文。上文交代了“长城是中国的象征,是世界上最吸引人的旅游景点之一”,接下来作者就说:“难怪长城每年吸引成千上万的参观者”。很明显这句话紧接上文,得出结论:“it is no wonder that...."是 ”难怪......"。
很多考生,在做“短文改错”时,望文生义,完全单独处理每个句子,自己觉得“有理有据”,但是,最后失分了。
高考英语改错常见考点有哪些
第一类、望文生义
1.明日黄花:比喻过时的事物或消息。
2.火中取栗:比喻被别人利用去干冒险事,付出了代价而得不到好处。
3.万人空巷:形容庆祝、欢迎等盛况。
4.不刊之论:指正确的不可修改的言论。
5.不为已甚:指对人的责备或责罚要适可而止。
6.望洋兴叹:比喻做事时因力不胜任或没有条件而感到无可奈何。
7.不足为训:不值得作为效法的准则或榜样。
8.因人成事:依靠别人把事情办好。
9.弹冠相庆:指旧社会官场中一人当了官或升了官,同伙就互相庆贺将有官可做。
10.久假不归:长期地借用,不归还。
11.司马青衫:比喻因遭遇相似而表示的同情。
12.数典忘祖:比喻对于本国历史的无知。
13.大动干戈:比喻大张声势地行事。
14.高山流水:比喻知己或知音。
15.不绝如缕:形容形势危急。
16.不翼而飞:比喻东西突然丢失。也比喻消息传得极快。
17.进退维谷:形容进退两难。
18.如坐春风:比喻得到教益或感化。
19.春风化雨:比喻良好的教育
20.间不容发:形容情势极其危急。
21.祸起萧墙:指祸乱从内部发生。
22.炙手可热:形容权势大,气焰盛,使人不敢接近。
23.一衣带水:指虽有江河湖海相隔,但距离不远,不足以成为交往的阻碍。
24.下车伊始:比喻带着工作任务刚到一个地方。
25.开门见山:比喻说话或写文章直截了当谈本题,不拐弯抹角。
26.水清无鱼:比喻过分计较人的小缺点就不能团结人。
27.盲人瞎马:比喻盲目行动,后果十分危险。
28.独步天下:天下没有第二个。
第二类、对象误用
1.美轮美奂:用于形容屋舍高大华美,不能用来形容艺术品。
2.相敬如宾、琴瑟之好、破镜重圆:只能用于夫妻之间,不能用于朋友、同学、同事之间。
3.青梅竹马:只能用于年幼的男女之间。
4.休戚相关:只能用于人物之间,不能用于事物之间。
5.置若罔闻:不可用于视觉方面。
6.筚路蓝缕:只用来形容创业艰苦,不可用来形容生活艰辛。
7.汗牛充栋:形容书籍多,不能形容其它东西多。
8.耳提面命:用于长辈对晚辈,平辈、朋友之间不可用。
9.三令五申:用于上级对下级。
10.络绎不绝:用于人、马、车、船。
11.挥洒自如:用于写作,画画的运笔,不可用于举止风度。
12.豁然开朗:不能用来形容人的性格。
13.不可磨灭:与痕迹、印象、功绩、事业道理等搭配,若与情感、友谊搭配则错。
14.人老珠黄:只用于妇女。
15.巧夺天工:只能形容人工的精巧而不能用来形容天然的精巧。
16.循序渐进:只用于学习、工作。
17.如履薄冰:用于人的心绪,不能用于环境。
第三类、褒贬颠倒(褒词误用贬义)
1.拭目以待:形容期望很迫切。
2.神机妙算:形容预料准确,善于估计形势,决定策略。
3.名不虚传:指实在很好,不是空有虚名。
4.凤毛麟角:比喻珍贵而稀少的人或事物。
5.洋洋大观:形容美好的事物众多丰盛。
6.沁人心脾:形容诗歌和文章优美动人,给人清闲爽朗的感觉。
7.别有天地:形容风景或艺术创作的境界引人入胜。
8.别出心杼:比喻写作不因袭前人,另辟新路。
9.有口无心:指不是有心说的。
10.惨淡经营:指苦心费力经营。
11.来日方长:未来的日子还很长。表示事有可为,劝人不必急于做某事。
第四类、语境不合
1.力挽狂澜:比喻尽力挽回险恶的局势,如果语境中没有险恶的局势,不能用。
2.相濡以沫:比喻同处困境,相互救助。
3.名不虚传:名是名誉是好名声,一般名声不可用。
4.耳濡目染:这词语的主语只能是被感染者,而不能是感染者。
5.不可开交:只能做得的补语。
6.差强人意:是大体上还能使人满意,用在勉强别人做为难的事。
下列举出成对的成语,很容易在同一语境中误用,请注意:
望其项背----望尘莫及身临其境---设身处地
耳濡目染----耳闻目睹舍本逐末---本末倒置
无与伦比----不可同日而语形影相吊---形影不离
东山再起----死灰复燃一见如故---一见钟情
不拘一格----无拘无束乐不思蜀---乐不可支
不以为然---不以为意不孚众望---不负众望
首当其冲---当务之急间不容发---亲密无间
刮目相看---绘声绘色首当其冲---首屈一指
置若罔闻---置之度外匪夷所思---不可思议
第五类、词语重复
1.忍俊不禁:忍俊,含笑。不禁,禁不住,抑制不住。原指热衷于某事而不能克制自己。后多指忍不住要发笑。不能用成“忍俊不禁地笑了”。
2.难言之隐:隐,隐情。深藏于内心的话或事。难以说出口的隐情。不能用成“难言之隐的苦衷” 。
3.南柯一梦:南柯,指梦境中的南柯郡。泛指一场美梦。比喻得失无常,美梦成空。不能用作“一场南柯一梦” 。
4.相形见绌:相形,互相比较。绌,缺陷,不足。相比之下,显出一方非常逊色。不能用作“显得相形见绌” 。
5.如芒在(刺)背:芒,芒刺,好像芒刺扎在背上。形容惶恐不安。不能用作“好象如芒在背” 。
6.遍体鳞伤:遍,全部。鳞,鱼鳞,这里指伤痕布满合身。像鱼鳞一样密。形容被打得合身都是伤。不能用作“浑身被打得遍体鳞伤”。
7.当务之急:当务,当前应办理的事情。原指应当做的事情才是最紧要的。后指当前所做事情是最紧要的、最急迫的事。不能用作“目前的当务之急”。
8.接踵而至:踵,脚后跟。一个跟着一个到来。形容很多人接连而来。不能用作“接踵而至地闯进来” 。
9.津津乐道:津津,兴味很浓的样子。乐道,乐于谈论。指饶有兴味地谈论某事。不能用作“津津乐道地说” 。
10.闻名遐迩:遐,远,迩,近。远近都闻名。形容名声很大。不能用作“海内外闻名遐迩” 。
11.责无旁贷:责,责任。贷,推卸。自身负有的责任,不能向别人推卸。不能用作“责无旁贷的责任” 。
12.生灵涂炭:生灵,指百姓。涂炭,沼泥和炭火。比喻困苦的境地。指老百姓处于极端困苦的境地。不能用作“使我国人民生灵涂炭”。
13.安居乐业:安定地居住在一地,愉快地从事自己的职业。不能用作“人民的生活安居乐业” 。
14见(贻)笑大方:见,被,大方,内行或有见识的人。被内行或有见识的'人笑话。不能用作“只能让人贻笑大方”等。
15.自渐形秽:渐,惭愧,秽,丑陋,肮脏。原指自己的容貌风度不如别人而感到惭愧。后泛指自愧不如别人。不能用作“感到自渐形秽”。
16.莘莘学子:莘莘,众多的样子。泛指众多的读书人,不能用作“众多的莘莘学子” 。
17.扪心自问:扪,摸,摸着胸口自问,毫无惭愧之处。形容心地坦然,光明正大。不能用作:“扪心自问的自责” 。
18.真知灼见:灼,明亮、透彻。指正确透辟的认识和见解。不能用作“提出真知灼见的意见”。
19.满腹经纶:经纶,原指整理丝缕、理丝为经,编丝为纶,统称经纶。引申为治国或办事的能力。形容人很有学问和才干。
20.众所周知:周,普遍、全。大家都知道。不能用作“这是大家众所都知的”。
21.妄自菲薄:妄,不实在,过分的。菲薄,轻视,过分地瞧不起自己,以致失去了信心,不能用作“~你自己”。
22不虞之誉:虞,预料。出乎意料的称赞。不能用作“没有想到却受到了不虞之誉”。
23.日理万机:理,处理,机也作“几”事务。一天要处理上万件事务。不能用作“每天都要日理万机。”
24.无地自容:容,容下。没有地方可以藏身。也指处境窘迫,无栖身之处。
25.恍然大悟:恍然,猛然醒悟的样子。悟,明白,觉醒。一下子忽然明白过来。不能用作“我心里突然觉得恍然大悟了。”
26.任重道远:任,负担。负担沉重,路程遥远。比喻既担负着重大而艰巨的责任,又必须经历长期的艰苦奋斗。不能用作“任重道远的责任。”
27.眼花缭乱:缭,亦作“撩”纷乱。看到纷繁复杂或光彩耀眼的事物而感到迷乱。不能用作“让人看得眼花缭乱”。
28.破天荒:天荒,从未开垦过的土地。比喻从未有过,第一次。不能用作“破天荒的第一次”。
29.方兴未艾:方,正在,兴,兴起,艾,停止。形容事物正在蓬勃发展,势头并未停止。不能用作“正~”。
30.芸芸众生:芸芸,众多的样子。众生,梵语指一切生物。原为佛教语。指一切有生命的东西。后用以指一大群普普通通的人。不能用作“众多的~”
31.耿耿于怀:耿耿,心里有事,很不安宁的样子。心里老是想着,不能忘怀。不能用作“心里一直~”。
32.感激涕零:涕,泪,零,落。感激得流下了眼泪。形容非常感激。不能用作“~得流下了眼泪”。
33.历历在目:历历,一个一个清楚分明。清清楚楚地呈现在眼前。不能用作“往事~地出现在眼前”。
34.刻骨铭心:铭,镂刻,记载。镂刻在骨头上或心里。比喻感受深刻,永不忘记。不能用作“令人难忘的教训~”。
第六类、谦敬错位(谦辞)
1、蓬荜生辉:用以称谢别人来到自己家里或称谢别人题赠的字画送到自己家里。蓬筚:即“蓬门荜户”的简称,用蓬草、荆竹作门的草屋比喻穷苦人家。
2、敝帚自珍:一个破扫把,自己也十分珍惜。比喻自己的东西再不好也值得珍惜。
3、抛砖引玉:抛出砖去,引回玉来。比喻用粗浅的、不成熟的意见或文章,引出别人高明的、成熟的意见或作品。
4、贻笑大方:贻,留给;大方,指见识广博或有专长的人。指让学者或行家笑话。
5、无功受禄:没有功劳而得到报酬。
6、敬谢不敏:敬,恭敬;谢,推辞;不敏,不聪明,没有才能。指恭敬地表示没有能力或不能接受(表示推辞做某事的客气话)。
7、忝列门墙:忝,表示辱没他人,自己有愧。表示自己愧在师门。
8、信笔涂鸦:形容字写得很坏。
9、一孔之见:比喻狭隘片面的见解。
10、才疏学浅:见识不广,学问不深。
11、德薄才疏:薄:浅;疏:空虚。品行和才能都很差。
12、德薄能鲜:德行浅薄,才能低下。
13、挂一漏万:挂,列举;漏,遗漏。提到一个,漏掉上万。形容列举到的很少,遗漏掉的很多,很不完备。
14、不情之请:客套话,不合情理的请求(向人求助时称自己的请求)。
15、姑妄言之:姑且说说(对于自己不能深信不疑的事情,说给别人时常用此语以示保留)。
16、笨鸟先飞:表示自己能力差,恐怕落后,比别人先行一步。
17、一枝之栖:只求得到一个藏身的地方,是自谦不存奢望的求职用语。
18、恭敬不如从命:与其态度谦逊有礼,不如遵从人家的意见。
19、望尘莫及:同对方相比,差之甚远。
20、一得之遇:一得,一点心得;愚,愚见,谦辞。谦称自己的一点愚昧的见识。
21、尸位素餐:尸位,空占职位不做事;素餐,白吃饭。谦称自己未尽职责。
22、不足挂齿:足,值得;挂齿,放在嘴上说。事情轻微,不值得一提。
23、雕虫小技:比喻微不足道的技能(多指文字技巧)
24、绠短汲深:绠,打水用的绳子;汲,从下往上打水。吊桶的绳子很短,却要从深井里打水。比喻能力微薄,任务重大。
25、东涂西抹:本指妇女涂脂抹粉。后常用作提笔作画、写字或作文的谦辞。
26、区区此心:区区,微小、微薄。形容微不足道的一点心意或想法。
27、愚者千虑,必有一得:愚笨的人多次思虑问题,也会有一次是正确的,得到一定的收获。也作“愚者一得”。
28、管窥蠡测:管,竹管;窥,从小孔或缝隙里看;蠡,瓢。从竹管里看天,用瓢来量大海。比喻眼光狭窄,见识浅陋。也作“以管窥天,以蠡测海”
29、班门弄斧:班,指古代的巧匠鲁班。在鲁班门前耍弄斧头。比喻在行家面前卖弄本领。
30、聊表寸心:聊,略微;寸心,微薄的心意。略微表示一下心意。
31、避让贤路:交印辞职,给才德高的人让路。常作老年引退的自谦辞。
第六类、谦敬错位(敬辞)
1、高抬贵手:客套话,多用于请求对方饶恕或通融。
2、不吝赐教:敬辞,用于自己向别人征求意见或请教问题。
3、鼎力相助:敬辞,大力相助(表示请托或感谢时用)。
4、洗耳恭听:洗清耳朵,恭敬地听讲。形容恭敬而认真地听人讲话。(多用于请人讲话时说的客气话)。
5、高朋满座:高贵的朋友坐满了席位。形容宾客很多。
6、大材小用:把大的材料用在小处。比喻才能很高的人屈就于低下职位,不能充分发挥其才能。
7、率先垂范:带头给下级或晚辈作示范。
8、虚怀若谷:谦虚的胸怀像山谷一样空旷深广。形容非常谦虚。
9、虚左以待:虚,空着;左,古时以左位为尊。空着左边的位置等待客人,表示尊敬。也泛指留出位置恭候他人。
第八类、对象误用
1.豆蔻年华:指十三、四岁的少女。
2.美轮美奂:形容房屋高大众多。
3.相敬如宾:指夫妻互相尊敬,如同对待客人一样。
4.破镜重圆:比喻失散或离婚后重新团聚。
5.琴瑟之好:比喻夫妇感情非常好。
6.青梅竹马:指男女幼年时亲密无间。
7.休戚相关:形容关系密切,利害相关。
8.置若罔闻:指不予理睬,放在一边不管,好像没听见一样。
9.筚路蓝缕:形容创业的艰苦。
10.汗牛充栋:形容藏书非常多。
11.耳提面命:形容长辈对晚辈教导热心恳切。
12.三申五令:多次命令和告诫,多指上级对下级,领导对群众。
13.络绎不绝:形容行人车马来来往往,接连不断。
14.挥洒自如:形容举止潇洒,从容不迫。也形容写字或写文章,画画儿运笔不拘束。
15.豁然开朗:形容由狭窄昏暗一变为开阔敞亮。
16.不可磨灭:指事迹言论等将始终保留在人们的记忆中。
17.人老珠黄:指妇女因为老了被轻视,就像珠子年代久了会变黄,不如新珠子值钱一样。
18.巧夺天工:形容技艺极其巧妙。
19.循序渐近:指学习工作等按照一定的步骤逐渐深入或提高。
20.如履薄冰:指做事极为小心,多用于的心绪。
第九类、多义成语只知其一,不知其二
1、龙飞凤舞:本来形容气势奔放雄壮,也可形容书法气势舒展活泼,也可形容字迹潦草难辨。
2、左右逢源:本指做学问功夫到家后自然用之不尽,取之不竭,后用它泛指做事得心应手,顺利无碍,有时也用于贬义,讽刺为人圆滑,善于投机。
3、平铺直叙。既可形容说话或写文章平平淡淡,没有起伏,重点不突出,含贬义。也可指说话或写文章时不加修饰,直接地简单地说出自己的意思,含褒义。
4、水落石出:水退落下去,石头就显露出来。本写自然现象。后比喻事情的真相得以完全显露出来。
5、东涂西抹:本指妇女涂脂抹粉。后常比喻随意提笔作文、写字或涂画。又喻指作事无规则、无定准。
6、海阔天空:形容大自然的广阔,也比喻想象或说话毫无拘束,漫无边际。
7、粗枝大叶:比喻做事不细致.不认真.它的本义是简略概括。
8、肝脑涂地:的引用义是竭尽忠诚.甘愿牺牲.它的本义是形容惨死。
9、一针见血:通常比喻说话、写文章言辞直截、简要.能切中要害.但它的本义是一针就见到血.形容医务人员技术熟练。
10、不三不四:形容人不正派、不规矩,也用来说明事物不成样子,与“不伦不类”相似,这是它的原始意义,有存在的合理性。
11、指手画脚:可以形容轻率地指点,妄加评论指责、批评,作贬义词。也可以来形容说话时兼用手势示意,作中性词。
12、光怪陆离形容奇形怪状,五颜六色。也形容事物离奇多变。
13、百花齐放:指同一事物有许多做法,同一内容有多种形式。比喻艺术上不同形式和风格的自由发展。也指各种花卉一起开放。
14、乘风破浪:比喻志向远大,不怕困难,奋勇前进。也指飞速地航行。
15、垂涎三尺:形容嘴谗,也形容特别羡慕,渴望得到。
16、不绝如缕:既形容声音细微,也形容形势危急。
17、步步为营:营,军队驻扎的地方。军队每前进一步就设置一道营垒。形容进军谨慎。今也比喻行事谨慎稳妥。
18、老气横秋:形容人摆老资格,自以为了不起的样子,也形容人没有朝气,暮气沉沉的样子了。
19、瞻前顾后:既形容做事情以前考虑周密细致,也形容顾虑太多,犹豫不决。
20、金玉满堂:既指占有很多财富,也比喻人很有才学,学识丰富。
21、春风得意:既可以指进士及第后的得意心情,也可以用来形容人官场腾达或事业顺心时洋洋得意的样子。
22、平易近人:比喻态度和蔼,没有架子,使人容易接近。也形容文字深入浅出,通俗易懂。
23、洋洋洒洒形容说话或写文章才思充沛,长篇大论连绵不断。也形容规模盛大,气势磅礴。
24、处之泰然:既形容对待事情或困难,安然自得,毫不在乎。也指对事情无动于衷。
25、目无全牛:指解牛时,看到的不是整头牛,而是牛的各部分之间的空隙。形容对事物了如指掌,处理起来极其准确熟练;也形容技艺高超,得心应手。
26、守株待兔:株:露出地面的树根。比喻心存侥幸,坐等意外收获。也比喻死守狭隘经验,不知变通。
27、按部就班:按,依照;部,门类;就,归于,班,次序。按照门类,列定次序。原指写文章时结构安排得当,选词造句合乎规范。后用以形容做事按照一定条例,遵循一定的顺序。
28、玲珑剔透:玲珑,精致精巧。剔透,剔除而使透空明晰。形容奇巧精制、明晰透亮。也形容人聪明灵巧或俊俏标致。
29、秀色可餐:形容女性容貌美丽动人,也形容景色优美,让人入迷忘饥。
30、眉来眼去多用于男女示爱,也指坏人之间勾勾搭搭。
31、战战兢兢:形容因害怕而微微发抖或小心谨慎的样子,也形容因饥寒冻馁而战抖的样子。
32、朝秦暮楚比喻人反复无常。亦比喻行踪不定或生活不安定。
33、万紫千红:现多指繁荣兴旺、丰富多彩的社会现象,也指百花盛开,色彩艳丽。
34、灯红酒绿:既可形容寻欢作乐的腐化生活,又可以形容都市或场所夜晚的繁华景象。
第十类、有悖习惯
不带宾语:津津乐道、求全责备、司空见惯、漠不关心等。
只能用于否定句、疑问句中,同日而语、相提并论、一概而论、等量齐观、善罢甘休、等闲视之等。
只用于否定句:望其项背、吹灰之力、万应灵丹等。
多适用于诙谐讽刺句:神通广大、五体投地、寿终正寝、衣冠楚楚、洗耳恭听、沐猴而冠、冠冕堂皇、乌呼哀哉、一命呜呼等。
注:“莘莘学子”中的“莘莘”,表示“很多”的意思,不受具体量词的修饰。
高考短文改错归纳
词形变化错误。主要是名词复数构成上的错误。
One of their first model was the Silver
Ghost.
We have spent several precious weekend
in learning in the English Club.
All over the world men and woman, boys
and girls enjoy sports.
And that knowledges could change my
life.
There are advantage for students to work
while studying at school.
But one and a half year later, I now
think English is fun to learn.
We’re leaving for our hometowns to spend
the winter vacations.
词性混用错误。主要是介词与动词、形容词与副词等的混用。
It
is a real good chance to have met you here.
Football
is not too badly as long as I watch it with my dad!
In
examinations and in certain kinds of written work, it is dishonest and
foolishly to help or to ask help from others.
She
looked at me serious and said, “It’s bad to tell lies!”
We’d
throw a coin as far as possibly.
It
was complete dead, and I was a few miles far away from anywhere on a cold, wet
day.
介词的漏用、多用、误用。
It
is not surprising that the Silver Ghost was regarded “the best car in the
world.”
They
would have to ask their parents for money or for permission to do things by the
money.
Usually
I just checked the results because I thought it was dull to watch a game in
which players kicked a ball each other.
I
found the game exciting and my dad explained for the rules.
But
for the most wonderful thing about Jack was his musical ability.
I’m
writing to thank you with your kind help.
I
didn’t have to walk far before I found a small house standing on a field with a
light shining from the sitting room.
Thank
you so much for your party at Christmas Eve.
We’re
leaving from our hometowns to spend the winter vacation.
Will
you join in the tourist group organized by our school?
冠词的漏用、多用、误用。
We
have made a great progress.
Many
people enjoy sports by watching the others play.
He
would greet us in a tree outside our bedroom, calling “Hello” as we lay in bed
in a morning.
I
hope you have had wonderful journey home.
I
was a high school student then, from low-income family.
代词方面的误用。这些错误主要是:主格、宾格的混用,物主代词、反身代词的误用,代词的多余,不定代词的错用等。
This
is not surprising that the Silver Ghost was regarded as “the best car in the
world.”
Besides,
the foreign teachers here work hard and try his best to make the activities
lively and interesting.
They
may be very hard to do and you certainly need a lot of will-power to succeed.
Some
students may also save up for our college or future use.
Usually
I just checked the results because I thought that was dull to watch a game in
which players kicked a ball to each other.
My
first one job was to clean the tables in a small restaurant.
And
I came to understand that was not easy to earn money.
谓语动词方面的错误。这类错误主要是:时态、语态、主谓一致等方面的错误。
Charles
Rolls, a car maker, was very interested in Royce’s car, and soon Rolls and
Royce go into business together.
I
wasn’t worried about it until I go to see the doctor.
Since
long ago, many adults and children called their friends together to spend
hours, even days playing games.
One
of them was that they can earn money.
I
was not quite willing to sit down and watched the 90-minute football match.
During
the World Cup in 2002, my dad stays up late just to watch his favorite sport.
We
named him Jack and keep him for about three years.
But
the most wonderful thing about Jack were his musical ability.
I
am very pleased to say that all of us greatly improved our English so much.
Earning
their own money allow them to spend on anything as they please.
Having
fun with their friends make them happy.
非谓语动词方面的错误。这类错误主要是:不定式与动名词和分词的混用,现在分词和过去分词的混用,动词与动名词和现在分词的混用以及不定式带不带to的错误。
In
1907, a Silver Ghost broke the world’s record by drive 14,371 miles without
breaking down once.
Besides,
the foreign teachers here work hard and try their best to make the activities
lively and interested.
When
you’re on a diet you have to stop eat too much even though you are always
hungry.
Since
long ago, many adults and children have called their friends together to spend
hours, even days play games.
In
other words, they help to keep people strong and feel good.
I
found the game excited and my dad explained the rules.
I
still remember going there early and felt anxious about the new world.
He
would also catch the food throwing to him from the other side of the room and
sing happily.
I
didn’t have to walk far before I found a small house standing in a field with a
light shine from the sitting room.
I
knocked at the door and was delighting when a pleasant man opened the door and
listened to my story carefully.
We
are busy prepare for our trips.
行文逻辑方面的错误。这类错误主要是转折、因果、并列关系等的混用。
We
liked the dishes you had cooked but we were happy to learn the English songs
you taught us.
Charles
Rolls, a car maker, was very interested in Royce’s car, but soon Rolls and
Royce went into business together.
I
knocked at the door and was delighted when a pleasant man opened the door but
listened to my story carefully.
He
told me that I’d probably have a heart attack while I started eating less.
Not
all people like to work and everyone likes to play.
Key:
一、1.models? 2.
weekends 3. women 4. knowledge? 5. advantages
6. years? 7. vacation
二、1. really2. badly 3. foolish 4. seriously 5. possible? 6. completely
三、1. regarded as 2. with the money 3. to each other? 4. explained the rules 5. But the most 6. for your kind help 7. in a filed 8. on Christmas Eve? 9. leaving for 10. join the tourist group
四、1.made
great progress 2. watching others 3. in the morning? 4. had a wonderful journey 5. from a low-income family
五、1. It is not?2. try their best? 3. It may
be? 4. for their college 5. I thought it was dull? 6. My first job? 7. it was not easy
六、1. went into business 2. went to see 3. children have called 4. one of them is that? 5. watch6. stayed 7. kept 8. was?9. all of us have greatly? 10.
allows 11. makes?
七、1. driving2. interesting 3. eating 4. playing 5. feeling6. exciting 7. feeling 8. thrown? 9. shining 10. delighted 11. preparing
八、1. and we were happy? 2. and soon 3. and listened to? 4. unless I started? 5. but everyone