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介词with高考题,高考介词考点梳理
tamoadmin 2024-06-14 人已围观
简介1.英语 with的复合结构2.独立主格和with 的复合结构3.一个英语问题 介词in和介词with在表示穿什么衣服和wear,put on的区别4.with在句末的用法未为你解答之前先说一下你题目本身有错:after 后不能接过去分词 heard ,应改为 hearing 或者在heard 前加上主语you。这题答案应选C, by raising 。介词with意思是:使用(一种工具)。如:H
1.英语 with的复合结构
2.独立主格和with 的复合结构
3.一个英语问题 介词in和介词with在表示穿什么衣服和wear,put on的区别
4.with在句末的用法
未为你解答之前先说一下你题目本身有错:after 后不能接过去分词 heard ,应改为 hearing 或者在heard 前加上主语you。
这题答案应选C, by raising 。介词with意思是:使用(一种工具)。如:He writes with his left hand. 他用左手写字。by 意思是:采取/ 采用(一种措施 / 方法)。
本句汉义:你听到这个消息立即举起你的右手是什么意思?
英语 with的复合结构
该题的正确答案是with,表示人物身上带有的某个属性,这种类型的都用with。
描述一个人的穿着时用in (The girl in the yellow jumper)
特例:一个戴着眼镜的人要用with (The boy with glasses)
with总是表示伴随,如write with a pen,walk with a stick,fight with a sword;
而in通常表示运用(手段,方法),使用(语言等),如play in the rule that...,speak in Chinese。
with和in两者都可以接事物,但是with接工具(包括具体的和抽象的),in接材料。
例如:write with a pen,用笔写字,write in ink用墨水写字。
另外,两个用作介词,with“和......一起”,in“在......里面”。
独立主格和with 的复合结构
望采纳
With复合结构
with结构是许多英语复合结构中最常用的一种。学好它对学好复合宾语结构、不定式复合结构、动名词复合结构和独立主格结构均能起很重要的作用。本文就此的构成、特点及用法等作一较全面阐述,以帮助同学们掌握这一重要的语法知识。 一、 with结构的构成 它是由介词with或without+复合结构构成,复合结构作介词with或without的复合宾语,复合宾语中第一部分宾语由名词或代词充当,第二部分补足语由形容词、副词、介词短语、动词不定式或分词充当,分词可以是现在分词,也可以是过去分词。With结构构成方式如下: 1. with或without-名词/代词+形容词; 例句:He is used to sleeping with the windows open. 2. with或without-名词/代词+副词; 例句:She left the room with all the lights on. 3. with或without-名词/代词+介词短语; 例句:He walked into the dark street with a stick in his hand. 4. with或without-名词/代词 +动词不定式; 例句:With so much work to do, I have no time for a holiday. 5. with或without-名词/代词 +分词。 例句:We found the house easily with the little boy leading the way.(现在分词表示主动动作,即分词所表示的动作是由with后的宾语发出来的) With all the things she needed bought, she went home happily.(过去分词表示被动,with后面的宾语与过去分词之间是被动关系) 6. without+名词/代词+补语 例句:Possibly this person died withont anyone knowing where the coins were hidden. He wondered if he could slide out of the lecture hall without anyone noticing (him). with the winter is coming 二. with复合结构的句法功能 1. with 复合结构,在句中表状态或说明背景情况,常做伴随、方式、原因、条件等状语。 例句:With machinery to do all the work, they will soon have got in the crops. 由于所有的工作都是由机器进行,他们将很快收完庄稼。(原因状语) The boy always sleeps with his head on the arm. 这个孩子总是头枕着胳膊睡觉。(伴随状语) The soldier had him stand with his back to his father. 士兵要他背对着他父亲站着。(方式状语) With spring coming on, trees turn green. 春天到了,树变绿了。(时间状语) 2. with 复合结构可以作定语 Anyone with its eyes in his head can see it’s exactly like a rope. 任何一个头上长着眼睛的人都能看出它完全像一条绳子。
一个英语问题 介词in和介词with在表示穿什么衣服和wear,put on的区别
不少学生对with结构的用法比较复杂,不少英语学习者总感觉不甚清楚,现将
一介词with、二with复合结构、三独立主格结构、四动词独立主格结构、五with/without 引导的独立主格结构总结如下。with结构也称为with复合结构,首先要与介词with的用法区别开来。先让我们全面了解介词with的用法。
一、介词with的用法
with prep.其主要词义包括“有, 以, 用, 同...,由于, 和...一致, 赞成, 关于......” 等21种词义。
1. the company of; accompanying:和,陪伴:在…陪伴下;随同:2.Did you go with her?你跟她一起去吗?Next to; alongside of:在…旁边,同…在一起:stood with the rabbi; sat with the family.与教士站在一起,与家人坐在一块儿3.Having as a possession, an attribute, or a characteristic:带着,带来:作为所有物、属性或特点具有:arrived with bad news; a man with a moustache.带来坏消息;留络腮胡子的男人4.In a manner characterized by:以…方式:performed with skill; spoke with enthusiasm.很有技巧地表演;热情地说话5.In the performance, use, or operation of:使用:在…的表现、使用或运行中:had trouble with the car.汽车出了毛病6.In the charge or keeping of:负责,照料:left the cat with the neighbors.把猫托邻居照顾
7.In the opinion or estimation of:以…的观点或估计:if it``s all right with you.如果你没异议的话8.In support of; on the side of:支持,赞同:I``m with anyone who wants to help the homeless.我支持任何想帮助流浪汉的人7.Of the same opinion or belief as:和…一致:与…有相同观点或信仰:He is with us on that issue.在那个议题上他和我们观点一致8.By the means or agency of:用:通过…的方式或媒介:eat with a fork; made us laugh with his jokes.用叉子吃饭;以他的笑话引我们发笑9. In spite of:尽管:
With all her experience, she could not get a job.尽管很有经验,她还是找不到工作10. In the same direction as:与…同向:sail with the wind; flow with the river.顺风起帆;顺河而流11. At the same time as:与…同时:gets up with the birds.与鸟儿同时起床12. In regard to:关于,对于:We are pleased with her decision. They are disgusted with the situations.她这样决定,我们很高兴;他们对现状很厌恶13. Used as a function word to indicate a party to an action, a communicative activity, or an informal agreement or settlement:和…:用作功能词表示某个动作、交流活动或非正式协议或决定的一方:played with the dog; had a talk with the class; lives with an aunt.与狗玩;和班上的同学谈一谈;与姑母住在一起14. In comparison or contrast to:与…相比;与…对照:a dress identical with the one her sister just bought.和她姐姐刚买衣服同一款式15. Having received:收到,获得:With her permission, he left. I escaped with just a few bruises.获得她允许后,他离开了。我逃跑时只受了一些擦伤16. And; plus:和;加上:
My books, with my brother``s, make a sizable library. 我的书加上的弟弟的书能够办成一个不小的图书馆了.17. Inclusive of; including:包括:It comes to $29.95 with postage and handling.包括邮资和手续费总共是29.95美元18. In opposition to; against:反对;对抗:wrestling with an opponent.与对手摔跤19. As a result or consequence of:结果,后果:trembling with fear; sick with the flu.害怕的发抖;感染了流行性感冒20. So as to be free of or separated from:分离,离开:为脱离,为与…分开:parted with her husband.与她丈夫分手21. In the course of:在…的过程中:We grow older with the hours.我们随时光流逝而长大
二、with复合结构
with复合结构是由with+复合宾语组成,常在句中做状语,表示谓语动作发生的伴随情况、时间、原因、方式等。其构成有下列几种情形:1 with + 名词 (或代词) + 现在分词,此时,现在分词和前面的名词或代词是逻辑上的主谓关系。例如:With prices going up so fast, we can``t afford luxuries. 由于物价上涨很快,我们买不起高档商品。(原因状语)With the crowds cheering, they drove to the palace. 在人群的欢呼声中,他们驱车来到皇宫。(伴随情况)2 with + 名词 (或代词) + 过去分词,此时,过去分词和前面的名词或代词是逻辑上的动宾关系。例如:I sat in my room for a few minutes with my eyes fixed on the ceiling. 我在房间坐了一会儿,眼睛盯着天花板。(伴随情况)She had to walk home with her bike stolen. 自行车被偷,她只好步行回家。(原因状语)
3 with + 名词 (或代词) + 动词不定式,此时,不定式表示将发生的动作。例如:With no one to talk to, John felt miserable. 由于没人可以说话的人,约翰感到很悲哀。(原因状语)With a lot of work to do, he wasn``t allowed to go out. 因为还有很多工作要做,他没有被允许外出。(原因状语)
4 with + 名词 (或代词) + 形容词I like to sleep with the windows open. 我喜欢把窗户开着睡觉。(伴随情况)With the weather so close and stuffy, ten to one it``ll rain presently. 大气这样闷,十之八九要下雨。(原因状语)5 with + 名词 (或代词) + 介词短语With the children at school, we can``t take our vacation when we want to. 由于孩子们在上学,所以当我们想度假时而不能去度假。(原因状语)The soldier had him stand with his back to his father. 士兵让他背朝着他的父亲站在那儿。(行为方式)6 with + 名词 (或代词) + 副词He fell asleep with the light on. 他睡着了,灯还亮着。(伴随情况)The boy stood there with his head down. 这个男孩低头站在那儿。(伴随情况)
请见下面的高考试题中出现的几个相关句子:1 The murderer was brought in, with his hands tied behind his back.
2 And thousands of terrified watchers stared with their hearts beating fast.
3 With nothing to burn, the fire became weak and finally died out. 4 With production up by 60%, the company has had another excellent year.
with在句末的用法
在表示穿衣服或者穿着衣服的语境中,"in" 和 "with" 和 "wear" "put on"之间的使用存在一些微妙的区别。
一般来说,"in" 更多指衣服的内部部位,如衬衫、内裤、袜子、裤腿等等。例如:
- I put on a new shirt in the morning.(早上我穿了一件新衬衫。)
- She always wears a t-shirt inside her sweater.(她总是在毛衣里面穿着一件T恤。)
而"with" 更多指衣服的配饰,如配件、鞋子、帽子等等。例如:
- She put on a red scarf with her coat.(她在大衣上搭配了一条红色的围巾。)
- He always wears a hat with his suit.(他总是在穿西装的时候戴一顶帽子。)
"wear" 和 "put on" 则是比较通用的表示穿衣服的动词,都可以用于各种类型的衣服或者鞋子等。其中 "wear" 更加强调的是 "穿着某种衣服或鞋子" 这个动作的状态,而 "put on" 通常更多强调的是 "穿上某种衣服或鞋子" 这个动作本身。例如:
- I like to wear comfortable shoes when I walk.(我散步喜欢穿舒适的鞋子。)
- She put on her coat and headed out into the cold.(她穿上大衣,出门迎着寒风。)
总之,"in"和"with"的使用上区别比较微妙,通常需要根据具体语境和所要表达的含义来选择使用哪一个。而穿衣服时的 "wear"和 "put on" 的区别在于是否更加强调动作本身还是动作状态。
with 用法全解:
一、 with结构的构成
它是由介词with或without+复合结构构成,复合结构作介词with或without的复合宾语,复合宾语中第一部分宾语由名词或代词充当,第二部分补足语由形容词、副词、介词短语、动词不定式或分词充当,分词可以是现在分词,也可以是过去分词。With结构构成方式如下:
1. with或without-名词/代词+形容词;
2. with或without-名词/代词+副词;
3. with或without-名词/代词+介词短语;
4. with或without-名词/代词 +动词不定式;
5. with或without-名词/代词 +分词。
下面分别举例:
1、 She came into the room,with her nose red because of cold.(with+名词+形容词,作伴随状语)
2、 With the meal over , we all went home.(with+名词+副词,作时间状语)
3、The master was walking up and down with the ruler under his arm。(with+名词+介词短语,作伴随状语。) The teacher entered the classroom with a book in his hand.
4、He lay in the dark empty house,with not a man ,woman or child to say he was kind to me.(with+名词+不定式,作伴随状语) He could not finish it without me to help him.(without+代词 +不定式,作条件状语)
5、She fell asleep with the light burning.(with+名词+现在分词,作伴随状语) Without anything left in the with结构是许多英语复合结构中最常用的一种。学好它对学好复合宾语结构、不定式复合结构、动名词复合结构和独立主格结构均能起很重要的作用。本文就此的构成、特点及用法等作一较全面阐述,以帮助同学们掌握这一重要的语法知识。
二、with结构的用法
with是介词,其意义颇多,一时难掌握。为帮助大家理清头绪,以教材中的句子为例,进行分类,并配以简单的解释。在句子中with结构多数充当状语,表示行为方式,伴随情况、时间、原因或条件(详见上述例句)。
1. 带着,牵着…… (表动作特征)。如:
Run with the kite like this.
2. 附加、附带着……(表事物特征)。如:
A glass of apple juice, two glasses of coke, two hamburgers with potato chips, rice and fish.
3. 和…… (某人)一起。
a. 跟某人一起(居住、吃、喝、玩、交谈……) 。如:
Now I am in China with my parents.
Sometimes we go out to eat with our friends.
He / She's talking with a friend.
b. 跟go, come 连用,有 "加入"到某方的意思。如:
Do you want to come with me?
4. 和play一起构成短语动词play
with 意为"玩耍……,玩弄……" 如:
Two boys are playing with their yo-yos.
5. 与help 一起构成 help...with...句式,意为"帮助 (某人) 做 (某事)"。如:
On Monday and Wednesday, he helps his friends with their English.
6. 表示面部神情,有“含着……,带着……” 如:
"I'm late for school," said Sun Yang, with tears in his eyes.
7. 表示 "用……" 如:
You play it with your feet.
What do the farmers do with your machines?
8. 表示 "对……, 关于……"。如:
What's wrong with it?
There's something wrong with my computer.
三、with结构的特点
1. with结构由介词with或without+复合结构构成。复合结构中第一部分与第二部分语法上是宾语和宾语补足语关系,而在逻辑上,却具有主谓关系,也就是说,可以用第一部分作主语,第二部分作谓语,构成一个句子。例如: With him taken care of,we felt quite relieved.(欣慰)→(He was taken good care of.) She fell asleep with the light burning. →(The light was burning.) With her hair gone,there could be no use for them. →(Her hair was gone.)
2. 在with结构中,第一部分为人称代词时,则该用宾格代词。例如: He could not finish it without me to help him.
四、几点重要的考点说明:
1. with结构在句子中的位置: with 结构在句中作状语,表示时间、条件、原因时一般放在句子前面,并用逗号与句子分开;表示方式和伴随状况时一般放在句子后面,不用逗号分开。若with结构作定语,则放在所修饰的名词之后,一般不用逗号隔开。
2. with结构作状语时,不定式、现在分词、和过去分词的区别:在with结构中,不定式、现在分词作宾补,表示主动,但是不定式表示将要发生的动作,而现在分词表示正在发生或发生了的动作;过去分词表示被动或完成。
例如: With the boy leading the way,we found he house easily.(小男孩已领过路)
With the boy to lead the way,we will find the house easily tomorrow.(小男孩明天将领路)
He lay on the bed with the bedroom door shut.(寝室被关着)
3. with结构与一般的with短语的区别: with结构具有上述功能和特点,而"介词with+名词或代词(组)"组成的一般的with短语在句子中可以作定语和状语。作状语时,它能表示动作的方式、原因,但不能表示时间、伴随和条件。在一般的with短语中,with后面所跟的不是复合结构,也根本没有逻辑上的主谓关系。
4. with结构与独立主格结构的关系: with结构属于独立主格结构,但在结构上,with结构由介词with或without引导,名词前有冠词、形容词、所有格代词或其它词类所修饰,结构较松散;而独立主格结构没有with或without引导,结构严密,名词前可用可不用修饰语。在句法功能上,with结构可以作定语,独立主格结构则不能;独立主格结构通常在句中作状语,但也可以作主语,而with结构则不能。
独立主格在口语中不常用,往往由一个从句代替,而with结构较口语化,较常用。例如:
There were rows of white houses with trees in front of them.("with+复合宾语"结构,在句中作定语)
A strong man working a whole day could not jump this high.(名词+现在分词构成的独立主格结构,作主语)
The boy said,turning to the man,his eyes opened wide and his hand raised.(独立主格结构,表示伴随状况或行为方式,作状语)
Then last night,I followed him here,and climbed in,sword in hand.(名词+介词短语构成的独立主格结构,作状语,表示伴随情况) board, she went out to get something to eat.(without+代词+过去分词,作为原因状语)