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高考动词大全_高考常用英语动词

tamoadmin 2024-05-27 人已围观

简介1.高考英语词汇中表示状态的动词一般不用进行时的词有哪些2.高考复习英语常用动词短语有总的归纳吗?3.高考英语语法:高考英语总复习语法专项 情态动词4.高考英语必背知识点有哪些?5.高考英语阅读的高频词汇系动词系动词又称联系动词,作为系动词,它本身有词义,但不能单独用作谓语,后边必须跟表语(也称补语),构成系表结构说明主语的状况、性质、特征等情况。有些系动词又是实义动词,该动词表达实义时,有词义,

1.高考英语词汇中表示状态的动词一般不用进行时的词有哪些

2.高考复习英语常用动词短语有总的归纳吗?

3.高考英语语法:高考英语总复习语法专项 情态动词

4.高考英语必背知识点有哪些?

5.高考英语阅读的高频词汇

高考动词大全_高考常用英语动词

系动词

系动词又称联系动词,作为系动词,它本身有词义,但不能单独用作谓语,后边必须跟表语(也称补语),构成系表结构说明主语的状况、性质、特征等情况。

有些系动词又是实义动词,该动词表达实义时,有词义,可单独作谓语,例如:

He fell illyesterday.

(fall是系动词,后跟补足语,说明主语情况

He fell off theladder.

(fall是实义动词,单独作谓语。)

1)状态系动词

用来表示主语状态,只有be一词,例如:

He is a teacher.

(is与补足语一起说明主语的身份。)

2)持续系动词

用来表示主语继续或保持一种状况或态度,主要有keep, rest, remain, stay, lie, stand, 例如:

He always keptsilent at meeting.

This matter restsa mystery.

3)表像系动词

用来表示"看起来像"这一概念,主要有seem, appear, look, 例如:

He looks tired.

He seems (to be)very sad.

4)感官系动词

主要有feel, smell, sound, taste, 例如:

This kind of clothfeels very soft.

This flower smellsvery sweet.

5)变化系动词

表示主语变成什么样,有become, grow, turn, fall, get, go, come,run

He became madafter that.

She grew richwithin a short time.

6)终止系动词

表示主语已终止动作,主要有prove, trun out, 表达"证实","变成"之意,例如:

The rumor provedfalse.

The search proveddifficult. 搜查证实很难。

His plan turnedout a success. (turn out表终止性结果)

I、常见系动词错误及其成因:

(1)漏掉系动词

I afraid he won'tcome tomorrow .

( 2 )误用系动词

His hair changedgrey .(混淆了change 与turn,grow)

I.系动词分类:

一、根据系动词后所跟结构,分为两大类:完全系动词(其后只能跟表语的动词,如be)和半系动词(其后既可跟表语作系动词用法,也可跟宾语或状语作实义动词用,如look)

He looked sad atthe news.

(“看起来”,系动词用法)

He looks at aclever boy.

(“看着”,实义动词用法)

在英语中,某一动词是多义词,既有实义动词用法,又有系动词用法。常见的有:

listen, look ,touch ,hear,see ,sound ,feel, taste ,remain ,keep,stay, turn,become

二、根据系动词的意义,分为四类:

A.五大感官系动词 B.状态系动词

C.动态系动词 D.双谓语系动词

A.五大感官系动词,描述一种感官性质。由实义感官动词变化而来,都是半系动词

1.look“看起来像是”,后接adj.、n.、分词、介词短语、不定式等。

The girl bit herlips and looked thoughtful.

2.smell“闻起来”,后接adj.,分词。

The flowers smellsweet.

3.sound“听起来”,后接adj.,分词。

The music soundssweet.

4.taste“尝起来”,后接adj.,分词。

The apples tastevery good.

5.feel①“摸起来,给……感觉”;②“觉得”,后接adj

The silk feelsvery soft.

You will feelbetter after a night’s sleep.

B.状态系动词:

1.be,“是”,完全系动词。

I am a student.

2.seem,“似乎,好像”,完全系动词。

They seem quitehappy.

3.appear,“显得,看起来好像”,半系动词。

He appeared tiredand sleepy.

It appeared(tobe)a true story.

Now it appears tome that he may play an important part in settling the problem. (在我看来)

4.keep, “保持……的状态”,半系动词,后接adj或介词短语。

You’d better go to bed and keep warm.

5.remain,“仍是”,半系动词。

I remained silent.

6.stay“保持(某种状态)”,半系动词,后接adj.、过去分词。

The window stayedopen all the night.

7.prove “证明是”,半系动词,后接adj.,n.

The treatmentproved to be successful.

C.动态系动词:都属于半系动词,描述状态变化过程。

1.get“变成,变得……起来”,后可接形容词、分词、介词短语。

The days aregetting longer and longer.

The train didn’t get going again.

It’s nothing to get excited about.

My watch gets outof order.

2.fall“进入(某种状态),成为”,后常接以下形容词:

asleep, silent,ill, sick

The old man,unable to express himself, fell silent.

My father fell illand died.

3.grow“渐渐变得……起来,长得”

You will grow usedto it.

It’s growing warm.

4.turn“转变成(新的与原来完全不同的色彩或性质),变质(色)”。

Maple trees turnred in autumn.

It was cloudy thismorning, but fortunately it has turned fine.

He has turnedwriter.

(注意:此时writer之前无冠词a.)

5.go,“变成(某种坏的状态)”

The telephone hasgone dead.

The material hasgone a funny colour. (奇怪)

go之后常接的adj. 还有:bad, blind, wild, wrong, sour, hard, hungry,mad, red, with, anger, white, pale, blue, grey

6.become“变成,成为(好坏均可的情况)”

He became angrywith me.

It became dark.

They became goodfriends.

I becameinterested in drawing.

7.come,“变成为(已知的状态),证实为”,后接形容词或前缀un-的过去分词作表语,表示状态或情况的变化。

His wish to becomea pilot has come true.

If you look intothe matter, everything will come clear.

My shoelaces havecome undone.

后面常接的形容词还有:apart, dear(昂贵),natural,open, untied(松开)。

8.run,“变成”,后接adj.

The well has rundry.

The price ranhigh.

9.make,“达到某种状态[后接形容词],如sure, certain, merry, bold, free

We must makecertain of facts.

我们一定要弄清事实。

The Children makefree with the apples.

孩子们随便吃苹果。

D.双谓语系动词

此类系动词既有系动词的功能,后接表语,又保留原实义动词本身的含义。例如:

The run rose red. 太阳升起红艳艳。

She stopped andstood quite still.

The book lay openon the table.

The snow lay thickon the ground.

He marriedyoung.

The window blew open.

III.系动词用法应注意的八个问题

1.系动词的进行时态应分情况讨论

一般,状态系动词无进行时态,而动态系动词有进行时态。但在某些情况下,状态系动词也有进行时态,表示两个用途:

(1)表示一种短暂的、反常的状态。如:

He is being kind.

他装出和蔼可亲的样子(一时而不能持久的性质)

(2)表示一种探询口气,使语言客气、生动、亲切。例如:

I hope you arekeeping well.

(语气委婉)

Are you feelingany better?

(语气亲切)

试比较:

Your hand feelscold.

你的手摸起来冰凉(无意识的静态性质)

不可以说:

Your hand isfeeling cold.(×)

The doctor isfeeling her pulse.

医生正在给她把脉(有意识的动态动作)

The soup tastesgood.

这汤的味道不错(静态性质,无进行时)

The cook istasting the soup.厨师在尝汤的味道。(动态动作,有进行时)

总之,系动词有无进行时态应随系动词的意义或其语境变化而变化。在概述某一动词的进行时态时,不能笼统地说feel,smell无进行时,应指出其意义及其语用环境。以smell为例

①smell作“嗅觉”的能力时,虽是实义动词,但指的是一种性质的存在状态不能用于进行时态,常与can, could, be able to连用。

The camels cansmell the water a mile off.

骆驼能嗅出一英里外有水。

②指“嗅、闻”的动作时,实义动词,可用于进行时态。

The girl issmelling the flower.

③smell指“含有……气味”,“发出……气味”等事物性质时,半系动词,无进行时态。

The dinner smellsgood.

2.系动词的时态与形容词的比较级连用的问题

某些含有变化意义的动态系动词如get, become, grow, turn等的进行时态可与形容词的比较级连用,表示渐进过程,其意思是“越来越……”。

He is growingtaller and taller.

Our life isgetting better and better.

The things aregetting worse.

3.所有半系动词的被动语态要分情况讨论

某动词在作系动词用时,无被动语态,而作实义动词用时,才有被动语态

不能说: The apple is tasted good.

(因为taste此时是系动词,“尝起来”之意,指的是苹果的性质,无被动语态)

但可以说: The apple is tasted by me.

(taste此时指“尝一尝”这一动作,有被动语态)

因此要注意半系动词在具体的语言环境中到底是系动词用法还是实义动词用法

4.瞬间动态系动词能否与时间段连用的问题

某些表示瞬间意义的系动词不能与“for+时间段,since+时间点,how long until+时间,by + 时间,so far”直接连用

①不能说:

He has become ateacher for 2 years.

应改为:

He has been ateacher for 2 years.

②不能说:He has turned writer since 3 years ago.

应改为:He has been a write since 3 years ago.

或It is two years since he turned writer.

③不能说:He got angry until his child came backhome.

应改为:He didn’t getangry until his child came back home.

5.系动词能接几种表语(从句)

系动词除了接adj.\n.\介词短语,某些adv.以外,还可接以下几种表语形式:

①能接as if/as though表语从句的系动词有:look,smell,sound,feel;appear(显得),seem(似乎)

It looks as if weare going to have snow.

He looked as if hehad just stepped out of my book of fairy tales.

It seems as if it werespring already.

②可用于“It+系动词+that从句”结构的有:seem, appear, 不可用be, look

It seemed that hehad made some serious mistakes in his work.

It appeared thathe was talking to himself.

③能用不定式作表语的系动词有:be, seem, get, look, appear, prove, grow.

Her job is to lookafter the children.

He looks to be ayoung girl of twenty.

④能与there连用的系动词有:be,appear, seem.

There appeared tobe only one room.

There seems(tobe)no need to go.

6.能用两种否定形式的系动词有两个:seem, appear.

It doesn’t seem that we can get our money back.

= It seems that wecan’t get our money back.

He seems not to beher father.

= He doesn’t seem to be her father.

The baby doesn’t appear to be awake.

= The baby appearsnot to be awake.

7、几组易混系动词的区别

系动词的区别主要从两个方面作比较,一是其意义,二是其结构。

1)get, become, go, turn, grow“变成”

get:“变得”口语。后接形容词、现在分词、过去分词、介词短语、不定式作表语,但不能与名词直接连用。

become:“变成,成为(好坏情况均可)。”后接形容词、名词、过去分词作表语,不能与不定式连用。

go:“变成(某种由好到坏的情况)”,后接形容词、过去分词、名词作表语。

Turn:“转变成”强调与原来不同的、新的变化,如变质、变色等。后接形容词、不带冠词的名词作表语,后不接不定式。

grow:“逐渐变得……”,强调其变化过程。后接形容词、分词、不定式,不可直接跟名词。

2)look, seem, appear“好像”

三者作系动词时在意义上的区别:

look:“好像,看起来”,一般用于非正式场合,侧重指从本身外表特征上由视觉得到的印象。

seem :“似乎,好像”,指说话人内心的估计与判断,有一定依据,接近于实际情况。

appear:“显得,好像”,常用于正式文体中,指某事物或人给他人的表面印象,有时含有实质上并非如此之意。

He looks like hisfather. (指其长相看起来相像)

He seems like hisfather. (指说话人从个性方面得到的判断)

He appears likehis father.(指他的外貌、衣着给他人的印象)

3)keep, remain, stay“保持……状态”

①keep作系动词时,“保持……状态”,后接adj.或介词短语:alive,awake,cheerful,silent,dry,well,fit,fine,close,clean,happy

Have you kept wellall these years?

I hope it willkeep fine.

In order to keepfit, all students go in for sports.

We’d better keep in touch.

②remain,系动词“仍然存在……状态”,后接adj.、过去分词、名词或介词短语,强调某种状态前后无变化。

The door remainedclosed.

门仍然关着。

Your room remainslike this.

你的房间依旧是这样子。

③stay,作系动词用时“保持……状态”,后接形容词、分词。

That fellow stayedsingle.

那个小伙子仍保持单身。

It’s easy to stay hidden.

躲起来很容易。

后常接的形容词有:calm, clean, fresh, healthy, young, open,awake, warm, fine, 常可与keep互换。如:

Stay/keepcalm(clean, fine, healthy, awake等)

①What you have said_______.

A.is soundedinteresting

B.soundsinteresting

C.soundinterested

D.listensinterested

②The class begins. Please keep________.

A.silent B.silence

C.the silence D.silently

③Look! Several people in the crowdseemed_______.

A.to be fighting B.to havefought

C.being fought D.havingfought

④How _____the song she sings sounds! I havenever ______a better voice.

A.beautifully, sounded

B.beautiful, sounded

C.sweet, listened to

D.sweet, heard

⑤Her feeling about the marriage ______ratherstrange.

A.is looked B.is seemed

C.seems D.isappeared

⑥John _____driver since two months ago.

A.became a B.has becomea

C.has turned D.has been a

⑦The ice_____ thick on the river.

A.is lain

B.lay

C.laid

D.lie

高考英语词汇中表示状态的动词一般不用进行时的词有哪些

高考英语语法:表示“变化”连系动词的用法

 英语中表示“变化”的连系动词主要有 become, come, go, get, grow, turn等。使用时注意以下几点:

一、become 和get的用法

主要指一个人暂时性的身心变化或永久性的自然变化。如:

Hearing this, the boss became [got] angry. 听到这事,老板就生气。

The travelers became [got] thirsty. 旅客们渴了。

Soon the man became famous. 不久后这个人就出名了。

If you eat such food you’ll get [become] fat. 如果你吃那样的食物,你会发胖的。

另外,还有become [get] ill, old, well, deaf, strong, etc (得病,变老,痊愈,变聋,变强,等)。

另外,become 和 get 还可用于指天气的变化和社会的趋势。如:

It’s becoming [getting] cold (dark, cloudy). 天渐冷了(黑了,多云了)。

Divorce is becoming [getting] more common. 离婚现象越来越常见了。

This design of resident buildings is becoming [getting] fashionable. 这种住宅楼的设计正在逐渐流行起来。

二、go 和come 的用法

两者均可表示变化,但前者主要指一种由强到弱或由好到坏的变化(可用于人或事物),后者则主要指向好的方面变化。如:

go bald (deaf, insane, etc) 发秃,变聋,发疯,等

The meat’s gone off [gone bad]. 肉变味(变坏)了。

The radio’s gone wrong. 收音机出毛病了。

Her wish came true. 她的愿望实现了。

Everything came right. 一切顺利。

另外,go还可用于人或事物颜色的变色,与turn用法相同。如:

She went [turned] blue with cold. 她冻得脸色发青了。

The rotten meat went [turned] green. 这块腐烂的肉变绿了。

说明:

1. go 一般不与 old, tired, ill 等连用,遇此情况要用其他连系动词。如:

grow [get] old 变老 fall [become] ill 生病

fall [become] sick 生病 get [feel] tired 疲劳

2. go后接形容词通常表示结果(见上例),但在个别搭配中也可表示状态。如:

go hungry 挨饿 go naked 光着身子

3. come 除表示向好的方面变化外,还有以下常见搭配值得注意。如:

come untied 解开 come loose 变松 come undone 松开

三、grow 的用法

grow 主要表示逐渐变化,强调变化的过程。如:

It began to grow dark. 天色渐渐黑了。

Bob is growing old. 鲍勃渐渐变老了。

The sea is growing calm. 大海变得平静起来。

The pollution problem is growing serious. 污染问题日趋严峻。

四、关于结构

以上提到的连系动词通常接形容词作表语,但有的还可接其他结构,如come, get, grow后可接不定式,become, turn后可接名词,go, get, grow后可接介词短语。如:

You’ll soon grow to like her. 你很快就会喜欢她的。

Soon I came to like him. 不久我便开始喜欢他了。

It’s becoming a serious problem.它正在成为一个严重问题。

The little plant grew into a tree. 幼苗长成了一棵树。

They went out of fashion years ago.它们好多年前已变得不时新了。

说明:turn后接名词时,往往表示意想不到的变化,名词前通常用零冠词。如:

He turned writer after he graduated from a medical college. 他从医学院毕业后当了作家。(比较:He became a writer after graduating from college.)

高考复习英语常用动词短语有总的归纳吗?

延续性动词。

以下可供参考:

一.延续性动词表示能够延续的动作

如:learn, work, stand, lie, know, walk, keep, have, wait, watch, sing, read, sleep, live, stay等。延续性动词可以与表示时间段的状语连用。

二.非延续性动词也称终止性动词、瞬间动词

表示不能延续的动作,这种动作发生后立即结束。 如:open, die, close, begin, finish, come, go, move, borrow, lend, buy等。

三.延续性动词与非延续性动词之间的转换

高考英语语法:高考英语总复习语法专项 情态动词

l.动词+about\x0d\  speak/talk about 谈论   think about 思考\x0d\  care about 关心,对?有兴趣 bring about 引起,使发生\x0d\  set about 着手,开始    come about 发生\x0d\  hear about 听说 worry about 为?担心\x0d\2.动词+away\x0d\  throw away 扔掉       blow away 吹走\x0d\  carry away 拿走,使入迷   clear away 清除掉,消散\x0d\  die away 逐渐消失,减弱   pass away 去世\x0d\  wash away 冲走         take away 拿走,使消失\x0d\  put away 收拾起来,存起来  give away 背弃,泄漏,赠送\x0d\  wear away 磨掉,消耗     break away 摆脱\x0d\  send away 让走开       turn away 把?打发走\x0d\3.动词+back\x0d\  keep back 隐瞒,忍住     look back(on) 回顾\x0d\  hold back 控制住       give back 归还\x0d\  call back 回电话       take back 拿回,收回\x0d\4.动词+for \x0d\  run for 竞选         ask for 要求得到\x0d\  wait for 等候          stand for 代表,表示\x0d\  long for 渴望        hope/wish for 希望得到\x0d\  care for 关心,喜欢     beg for 乞求\x0d\  search for 查找       look for 寻找\x0d\  call for 需要,要求     hunt for 寻找\x0d\  change?for 用?换    charge?for 收费,要价\x0d\  apply for 申请 take?for 误以为?是\x0d\  seek for 寻找       come for 来拿,来取5.动词+down\x0d\  burn down 烧毁       break down 坏了,垮了,分解\x0d\  take down 记下,记录    turn down 调小,拒绝\x0d\  cut down 削减,砍倒    slow down 慢下来\x0d\  pass down 传下来      put down 记下,写下,镇压\x0d\  calm down 平静下来     bring down 使?降低,使倒下\x0d\  settle down 安家     come down 下落,传下\x0d\  tear down 拆毁,拆除\x0d\6.动词+at\x0d\  come at 向?袭击     shout at 冲(某人)嚷嚷\x0d\  run at 冲向,向?攻击  work at 干?活动(研究)\x0d\  tear at 用力撕       look at 看,注视\x0d\  stare at 凝视        glare at 怒视\x0d\  glance at 匆匆一瞥      laugh at 嘲笑\x0d\  knock at 敲(门、窗等)    point at 指向\x0d\  smile at 冲(某人)笑    strike at 向?打击\x0d\  aim at 向?瞄准     shoot at 向?射击\x0d\  wonder at 惊讶      call at 拜访(地点)\x0d\7.动词+from\x0d\  differ from 与?不同     suffer from 受?苦\x0d\  hear from 收到?来信    die from 因?而死\x0d\  keep/stop/prevent?from阻止? learn from 向?学习 \x0d\ result from 由于 date from 始于?时期 \x0d\ separate?from 把?分离开 \x0d\8.动词+of\x0d\  think of 想到 dream of 梦到\x0d\  consist of 由?组成     speak of 谈到\x0d\  approve of 赞成        die of 死于\x0d\  talk of 谈到         hear of 听说\x0d\  complain of 抱怨       become of 发生?情况,怎么啦\x0d\9.动词+off\x0d\  start off 出发 set off 出发\x0d\  leave off 中断    show off 炫耀\x0d\  get off 下车     take off 脱下,起飞\x0d\  see off 送行     ring off 挂断电话\x0d\  put off 延期,推迟    come off 脱落,褪色\x0d\  cut off 切断,断绝     fall off 跌落,掉下\x0d\  keep off 避开,勿走近    go off 消失;坏了,爆炸,不喜欢\x0d\  knock?off 把?撞落   break off 打断\x0d\  pay off 还清        carry off 携走带走,赢得\x0d\  get off 脱下(衣服等)     give off 散发出\x0d\  turn(switch) off 关掉\x0d\10.动词+on\x0d\  depend on 依靠       rely on 依靠\x0d\  insist on 坚持       carry on 继续,进行\x0d\  keep/go on 继续       spend?on 在?花钱\x0d\  put on 穿上,戴上,上演    call on 拜访\x0d\  move on 继续移动,往前走   live on 以?为生\x0d\  feed on 以?为生      bring on 使?发展\x0d\  take on 雇用,呈现(新面貌等) try on 试穿\x0d\  have on 穿着        pass on 传授,传递\x0d\  look on 旁观        turn(switch) on 打开\x0d\11.动词+out\x0d\  break out 爆发 point out 指出\x0d\  pick out 选出 figure out 算出,理解\x0d\  burst out 进发 bring out 阐明,使表现出\x0d\  carry out 执行,进行 help out 救助\x0d\  hold out 坚持下去 set out 出发,着手,摆放\x0d\  wear out 穿破,使?疲劳 turn out 结果是,生产,培养\x0d\  make out 理解,看清楚 come out 出版,出来\x0d\  cross out 划掉 leave out 省略,删掉\x0d\  keep out(of) 使不进入,挡住 work out 算出,想出办法等\x0d\  find out 查出,弄明白 give out 散发,分发,用完\x0d\  try out 试用,试验 look out 当心,提防\x0d\  put out 扑灭 speak out 大胆讲出\x0d\  hand out 散发 send out 发出,派遣\x0d\ run out 用完 go out 熄灭\x0d\ let out 泄漏,发出(声音),出租 die out 灭绝\x0d\12.动词十in\x0d\  give in 让步 hand in 上交\x0d\  bring in 引进,使得到收入 drop in 拜访\x0d\result in 导致 succeed in 在?获成功\x0d\  join in 参加 take in 接纳,吸收,改小\x0d\  get in 收获,进入 break in 强制进入,插话\x0d\  fill in 填写 call in 召集,来访\x0d\  cut in 插入 persist in 坚持\x0d\  look in 来访,参观\x0d\13.动词十into\x0d\  look into 研究,调查 turn into 变成\x0d\  burst into 闯入,进发 divide?into 把?分成\x0d\  change?into 把?变成 put/translate?into 把?译成\x0d\  run into碰到 send sb to/into sleep 使进入状态\x0d\14.动词+over\x0d\  turn over 翻倒,细想 think over 仔细考虑\x0d\  go over 审阅,检查,研究 look over 翻阅,检查\x0d\  get over 克服 run over 压死,看一遍\x0d\  take over 接管,接替 watch over 看守,照看\x0d\  fall over 跌倒,摔倒 roll over 翻滚\x0d\15.动词十to\x0d\  belong to 属于 object to 反对\x0d\  refer to 谈到,涉及,参阅 point to 指向\x0d\  turn to 向?求助,查阅 stick/hold/keep to 坚持,忠于\x0d\  see to 处理,料理 come to 共计,苏醒\x0d\  reply to 答复 get to 到达\x0d\  bring to 使苏醒把?比作 compare?to 与?相比;把?比作\x0d\  agree to 同意 write to 写信给\x0d\  supply?to 为?提供 lead to 导致,通向\x0d\  add to 增添 attend to 处理,专心,照料\x0d\  devote?to 贡献给\x0d\16.动词+up\x0d\  grow up 成长,长大 give up 放弃,献出\x0d\  build up 建立 set up 架起、建立\x0d\  put up 搭起,架起,安装,住宿,张贴,盖起\x0d\ do up 整理,包装,打扮 \x0d\  go up 增长,上涨get up 起床,站起 \x0d\ pick up 拾起,学会,用车,来接,收听到\x0d\  bring up 抚养,呕吐,提出 出现\x0d\ turn up 开大(音量等),出席\x0d\ stay up 挺住,熬夜\x0d\ take up 开始学,从事,占据\x0d\sit up 熬夜 eat up 吃完\x0d\  use up 用完 tear up 撕碎\x0d\  lay up 储存 make up构成,组成 编造 弥补\x0d\ cut up 切碎 join up 联结起来,参军\x0d\  end up 总结 come up 上来,长出,出现\x0d\  speed up 加快速度 throw up 呕吐\x0d\  clear up 整理,收拾,放晴 look up 查找,找出\x0d\  bum up 烧毁 catch up 赶上\x0d\  hurry up 赶快 fix up 修理,安排,装置\x0d\  keep up 保持 hold up 耽搁,使停顿\x0d\  send up 发射 ring up 打电话\x0d\  open up 开创,开辟 divide up 分配\x0d\  break up 分解\x0d\17.动词十through\x0d\  get through 通过,干完,接通电话 \x0d\ look through 翻阅,看一遍,仔细查看\x0d\  go through 审阅,检查,学习 \x0d\ put?through 接通电话 see through 识破 \x0d\ check through 核对 pull through 渡过危机,康复\x0d\18.动词+with\x0d\  deal with 处理,对付 do with 处理,需要\x0d\  meet with 遇到,遭受 talk with 同?交谈\x0d\  agree with 同意,与?一致 compare with 与?相比\x0d\  combine with 与?相联合 equip?with 以?装备\x0d\  cover?with 用?覆盖 begin with 以?开始\x0d\  end up with 以?结束 supply?with 以?供给\x0d\  provide?with 以?供给 play with 玩,玩弄\x0d\19.三词以上的短语动词\x0d\  add up to 总计 break away from 摆脱\x0d\  keep away from 避开,别靠近 do away with 废除\x0d\  look down on 轻视 look up to 仰望,尊敬\x0d\  put up with 忍受 catch up with 赶上\x0d\  keep up with 赶上 run out of 用完\x0d\  make up for 弥补 go on with 继续\x0d\  get on(along) with 和?相处 look forward to 盼望\x0d\  get close to 接近 take hold of 握住\x0d\  get out of 逃避,避免 get down to 认真开始\x0d\  set fire to 放火烧 pay attention to 注意\x0d\  take notice of 注意 set an example to 为?榜样\x0d\  do well in 在?干得好 pay a visit to 访问\x0d\take a photo of 拍?照片 take the place of 取代

高考英语必背知识点有哪些?

《高考英语总复习语法专项 情态动词》由留学英语组我整理(www.liuxue86.com)。本内容整理时间为05月12日,如有任何问题请联系我们。

高考英语总复习语法专项 情态动词

2009-03-18 11:48 来源:互联网 作者:佚名 [打印] [评论]

情态动词有一定的词义, 表示某种感情或语气, 是不完全动词, 不能单独作谓语, 需和实义动词一起构成谓语. 常见的情态动词有: can / could, may / might, must, shall / should, will / would, need, ought to, dare / dared等

一.may / might的用法:

1.表示?可以?, 即表示说话人许可或请求许可

a. You may take it away.

b. May I come in ?

2.表示?可能, 也许? (在疑问句中通常不用may / might, 而用likely, do you think, can等表示?是否可能, 会不会?的意思)

a. He may come today.

b. Is it likely to rain ?

c. Do you think the train will be late ?

d. Can the news be true ?这消息会是真的吗?

3.在提建议时, 可用May I

a. May I carry your bag ?

b. May I make a suggestion ?

二.can / could的用法:

1.表示许可或请求许可, 相当于may. 但can比may用得更广泛. can不仅表示说话人同意, 准许, 还可以表示客观条件许可. may通常只表示说话人同意或准许

a. The class is over. You can go home now.

b. You can go there tomorrow.

c. Can I borrow your car for today ?

2.在提建议时, 可用Can I / you

a. Can I buy you a drink ?

3.表示?会, 能?, 相当于be able to

a. He can speak English.

b. Can you play tennis ?

c. Little Tom can?t move the big box.

4.在疑问句中表示怀疑, 不确定或不会有的情况, 即?否定的推测?

a. Can it be true ? 这是真的吗?

b. Can it be true that he has passed the exam ? 他真的通过考试了吗?

5.can?t / couldn?t在陈述句中可表示?肯定不, 一定不?的意思

a. He can?t be in the room right now.

b. It can?t have rained last night, for the ground is dry.

6.can?t / couldn?t help doing sth表示?不得不,忍不住做某事?

a. People couldn?t help laughing at the foolish emperor.

7.can / be able to do的区别:

①.be able to可用于各种时态, 而can只有现在时can和过去时could

②.be able to可以和另一个不完全动词连用, 如should be able to (应该能够), must be able to (必须能够)等, 而can则不可以这样用

③.强调?能力?时, 多用be able to

a. The patient was soon able to sit up and read.

④.can可用于人或其他事物作主语的句子中; be able to只用于有生命的名词或代词作主语的句子中

三.must的用法:

1.表示?必须?, 它的否定形式是need not / needn?t, 而不是must not / mustn?t, mustn?t表示禁止或不许做某事

a. You must set off at once.

b. You needn?t tell John about it.

c. You mustn?t play with fire.

2.表示?肯定是, 一定是?的推测意义; 与此对应, 表示?肯定不,一定不?用can?t, 而不用mustn?t

a. You must be very tired now.

b. If he had really been there, I must have seen him.

c. He must have gone away. We don?t see him anywhere.

3.must / have to的区别:

①.must / have to一般可以通用, 但must侧重于说话人主观上的看法, 即?说话人认为必须?; have to侧重于客观上的需要, 含有?客观上不得不?之意

a. If the person is not breathing, you must try to start his breathing.

b. You must / have to study with a teacher if you want to know how to do first aid.

②.must没有时态的变化, 一般用于表示现在或将来; have to有时态的变化, 可用于过去, 现在, 将来各种时态

a. We must study hard when we are young.

b. I think she must remain in hospital for a week.

c. We had to stay there for a whole day because of the rain.

d. We have to practise a lot if we want to speak English well.

e. The situation has changed; we will have to change our plan.

③.它们的否定式mustn?t / not have to有很大的不同: mustn?t表示?不要(做某事)?, 有禁止之意; not have to表示?不必要(做某事)?, 含有?客观上无此必要?之意

a. You mustn?t move a person if he is badly hurt.

b. You don?t have to be a doctor to do first aid.

四.would的用法:

1.表示主观意志和愿望, 即?愿意,想要?

a. Come here whenever you would.

b. He would not leave before he finished his work.

2.would do sth可以表示过去经常发生的动作, 相当于used to do sth

a. When we were children we would go swimming every summer.

b. On Sundays he would go fishing for hours when he lived in the countryside.

3.表示请求, 愿望, 语气客气, 委婉

a. I would like some tea.

b. Would you mind closing the door ?

c. Would you tell me something about your trip ?

4.表示推测, 表示?大概, 也许?的意思

a. That would be the pen you are looking for.那也许是你在找的笔吧

五.should的用法:

1.表示义务, 责任, 可译为?应当?

a. We should complete the text in time.

b. You should be so careless.

2.表示推测或推论, 可译为?可能, 应该是?

a. He should be home by now, I think.

b. He should have arrived in Nanjing by this time.

3.should / ought to的区别:

should / ought to一般可以通用. should侧重于说话人主观上的看法, 有时含有劝告, 建议的口气, 即 ?按我的想法应该如何?; ought to语气更强, 强调?有责任, 有义务做某事?或者 ?按道理应该如何?

a. ?I will start the work at once. I think you should start at once.?

b. ?I will start the work tomorrow. No. You ought to start at once.?

六.need的用法: need表示?需要?, 既可作为情态动词, 也可作实义动词

1.need作实义动词时, 注意以下用法:

①.need to do sth; ②.need sb to do sth; ③.need doing sth (主动形式表被动意义)

a. You need to remain in bed.

b. I need you to help me with the housework.

c. The garden needs watering.( =The garden needs to be watered.)

2.need作情态动词时, 多用于否定句及疑问句中, 不用于肯定句中

a. It is still early. You needn?t hurry. =You don?t need to hurry.

b. It is 11 o?clock. Need I go now? =Do I need to go now ?

3.对于用need的提问, 肯定回答用must, 否定回答用needn?t

a. Need I come? Yes, you must. / No, you needn?t.

七.dare / dared的用法: 表示 ?敢?, 既可作为情态动词, 也可作为实义动词

1.作为情态动词时, 主要用于否定句和疑问句中, 不用于肯定句中

a. Little Jane dared not go alone. =Little Jane didn?t dare to go alone.

b. Dare you go out alone at night ? =Did you dare to go out alone at night ?

2.作为实义动词时, 可用于: dare to do sth

a. Little Jane didn?t dare to go alone.

b. Did you dare to go out alone at night ?

3.should / ought to的区别:

should / ought to一般可以通用. should侧重于说话人主观上的看法, 有时含有劝告, 建议的口气, 即 ?按我的想法应该如何?; ought to语气更强, 强调?有责任, 有义务做某事?或者 ?按道理应该如何?

a. ?I will start the work at once. I think you should start at once.?

b. ?I will start the work tomorrow. No. You ought to start at once.?

六.need的用法: need表示?需要?, 既可作为情态动词, 也可作实义动词

1.need作实义动词时, 注意以下用法:

①.need to do sth; ②.need sb to do sth; ③.need doing sth (主动形式表被动意义)

a. You need to remain in bed.

b. I need you to help me with the housework.

c. The garden needs watering.( =The garden needs to be watered.)

2.need作情态动词时, 多用于否定句及疑问句中, 不用于肯定句中

a. It is still early. You needn?t hurry. =You don?t need to hurry.

b. It is 11 o?clock. Need I go now? =Do I need to go now ?

3.对于用need的提问, 肯定回答用must, 否定回答用needn?t

a. Need I come? Yes, you must. / No, you needn?t.

七.dare / dared的用法: 表示 ?敢?, 既可作为情态动词, 也可作为实义动词

1.作为情态动词时, 主要用于否定句和疑问句中, 不用于肯定句中

a. Little Jane dared not go alone. =Little Jane didn?t dare to go alone.

b. Dare you go out alone at night ? =Did you dare to go out alone at night ?

2.作为实义动词时, 可用于: dare to do sth

a. Little Jane didn?t dare to go alone.

b. Did you dare to go out alone at night ? 《高考英语总复习语法专项 情态动词》由留学英语组我整理(www.liuxue86.com)

高考英语阅读的高频词汇

一、谓语动词和非谓语动词

从是否能充当句子中的谓语来看,动词有谓语动词和非谓语动词两大类。

1、谓语动词

有人称和数的变化。如:He?is?a tractor driver.他是一个拖拉机手。

2、非谓语动词?

非谓语动词有动词不定式、动名词和分词三种,在句子里都不能单独作谓语,没有人称和数的变化。如:I am pleased?to meet you.我很高兴与你相识。(动词不定式)

二、实义动词、连系动词、情态动词和助动词

从其含义来分,动词有实义动词(notional verb),连系动词(link verb),情态动词(modal verb)和助动词(auxiliary verb)四类。

1、实义动词?

实义动词有完全的词义,并能独立作谓语动词。

如:The sun?shone?brightly this morning.

今天早晨阳光灿烂。

2、连系动词?

连系动词在句中作谓语动词,后面跟表语。英语连系动词有be(是),seem(似乎),look(看来),keep(保持),become(变成),get(变得),grow(变得),feel(感到),turn(变得,变成),appear(显得),remain(仍旧是)等。

如:It?is?never too late to mend.

改过不嫌晚。

3、情态动词?

情态动词有can (能),may (可以,也许),must(必须)等,表示能力、义务、必要、猜测等说话人的语气或情态。情态动词只能和主要动词一起构成谓语动词。

4、助动词?

助动词有shall,will,have,be,should,wonld, do等。它们只能和主要动词一起构成各种时态、语态、语气等动词形式,以及否定和疑问等结构中的谓语动词。

三、及物动词和不及物动词

从是否能直接跟宾语来分,实义动词又有及物动词和不及物动词两类。

1、及物动词?

后面必须跟宾语意义才完整的实义动词,叫做及物动词(transitive verb)。

如:I?believe?that the committee will?consider?our suggestion.

我相信委员会将会考虑我们的建议。

2、不及物动词?

本身意义完整后面不须跟宾语的实义动词,叫做不及物动词(intransitive verb)。

如:It?happened?in June 1932.

这件事发生于一九三;年六月。

3、兼作及物动词和不及物动词?

英语里有不少实义动词可以兼作及物动词和不及物动词。这样的动词又有两种不同的情况:

a) 兼作及物动词和不及物动词时,意义不变。试比较:

Shall I begin at once?我可以立刻开始吗?(begin作不及物动词)

She began working as a librarian after she left school.她毕业后当图书馆管理员。(began作及物动词)

b) 兼作及物动词和不及物动词时,有时意义不尽相同。

如:Wash your hands before meals.饭前要洗手。

四、情态动词

在行为动词、连系动词以外,还有两类动词,其中之一就是情态动词。从字面上看,我们就知道这是表示“感情与态度”的动词。

比如:I?can?do it without much difficulty. (能够,表示自信)

事实上,情态动词的英文说法modal verb,还是值得推敲的。modal,来自于名词mode,和modality(模式,方式)紧密相关,包括likelihood可能性, ability 能力, permission 许可与obligation责任这四种模式。

情态动词自身所具备的意义一般来说也是不完整的,不过和需要涉及其他事物的及物动词不同,情态动词不涉及其他事物,需要的是其他动词,即行为动词和连系动词,来配合使用。

一般来说情态动词是不能用作行为动词的,但也有例外,比如need,既可以用作情态动词,也可以是行为动词,看它的后面跟的是什么。

五、助动词

还有一类动词,也是意义上不完整、需要配合行为动词、连系动词使用的,那就是助动词。顾名思义,助动词就是用来帮助主要动词构成谓语的。

主要包括进行时态的be(is / am / are / was / were)、一般时态的do / does / did,将来时态的will / shall / would / should和完成时态的have / has / had。这种动词的英文名称叫auxiliary verb,简写是v. aux.。

高考英语阅读的高频词汇

 在历年高考英语试卷里有很多常见英语短语,同学们在复习英语时要特别注意这些词汇,那么高考英语阅读常考词汇有哪些?下面由我为大家整理有关高考英语阅读常考词汇的资料,供参考!

 高考英语阅读的高频词汇 篇1

 1.alter v. 改变,改动,变更

 2.burst vi./n. 突然发生,爆裂

 3.dispose vi. 除掉;处置;解决;处理(of)

 4.blast n. 爆炸;气流 vi. 炸,炸掉

 5.consume v. 消耗,耗尽

 6.split v. 劈开;割裂;分裂 a.裂开的

 7.spit v. 吐(唾液等);唾弃

 8.spill v. 溢出,溅出,倒出

 9.slip v. 滑动,滑落;忽略

 10.slide v. 滑动,滑落 n. 滑动;滑面;幻灯片

 11.bacteria n. 细菌

 12.breed n. 种,品种 v. 繁殖,产仔

 13.budget n. 预算 v. 编预算,作安排

 14.candidate n. 候选人

 15.campus n. 校园

 16.liberal a. 慷慨的;丰富的;自由的

 17.transform v. 转变,变革;变换

 18.transmit v. 传播,播送;传递

 19.transplant v. 移植

 20.transport vt. 运输,运送 n. 运输,运输工具

 21.shift v. 转移;转动;转变

 22.vary v. 变化,改变;使多样化

 23.vanish vi. 消灭,不见

 24.swallow v. 吞下,咽下 n. 燕子

 25.suspicion n. 怀疑,疑心

 26.suspicious a. 怀疑的,可疑的

 27.mild a. 温暖的,暖和的;温柔的,味淡的

 28.tender a. 温柔的;脆弱的

 29.nuisance n. 损害,妨害,讨厌(的人或 事物)

 30.insignificant a. 无意义的,无足轻重的;无价值的

 31.accelerate vt. 加速,促进

 32.absolute a. 绝对的,无条件的;完全的

 33.boundary n. 分界线,边界

 34.brake n. 刹车,制动器 v. 刹住(车)

 35.catalog n. 目录(册) v. 编目

 36.vague a. 模糊的,不明确的

 37.vain n. 徒劳,白费

 38.extinct a. 绝灭的,熄灭的

 39.extraordinary a. 不平常的,特别的,非凡的

 40.extreme a. 极度的,极端的 n. 极端,过分

 41.agent n. 代理人,代理商;动因,原因

 42.alcohol n. 含酒精的饮料,酒精

 43.appeal n./vi. 呼吁,恳求

 44.appreciate vt. 重视,赏识,欣赏

 45.approve v. 赞成,同意,批准

 46.stimulate vt. 刺激,激励

 47.acquire vt. 取得,获得;学到

 48.accomplish vt .完成,到达;实行

 49.network n. 网状物;广播网,电视网;网络

 50.tide n. 潮汐;潮流

 高考英语阅读的高频词汇 篇2

 1. UFO n. 不明飞行物;飞碟

 例句:Have any of you actually seen a UFO?

 你们中间是不是有人确实看到过飞碟?

 2. barber n.(为男子服务的)理发师

 例句:I'm going to ask the barber not to cut my hair too short.

 我会要求理发师别把我的头发剪得太短。

 3. barber shop n. 理发店

 例句:I won't go to that barber shop anymore.

 我再也不会去那家理发店了。

 4. bathroom n. 浴室;盥洗室

 例句:Every room in the hotel has a private bathroom.

 旅馆中的每个房间都有一个单独浴室。

 5. bedroom n. 卧室;寝室

 例句:Her bedroom is covered with posters.

 她的卧室里满是画片。

 6. kitchen n. 厨房

 例句:They usually eat their breakfast in the kitchen.

 他们通常在厨房吃早饭。

 7. get out v. 出去;离开

 例句: I saw a couple of men get out.

 我看见有几个人出去了。

 8. cut v. 剪;切;割

 例句:Don't cut your finger on the broken glass.

 别让碎玻璃割伤你的手。

 9. alien n. 从另一个世界来的生物;外星人

 例句:I don't believe that there are aliens exist in the world.

 我不相信这个世界上有外星人存在

 10. bought v. buy的过去式

 例句:He bought some candies for me.

 他给我买了一些糖果。

 11. land v. 着陆

 例句:The plane circled the airport before landing.

 飞机在着陆之前在机场上空盘旋。

 12. got v. get的过去式

 例句:I finally got my call through.

 电话总算通了。

 13. shirt n. 衬衫;衬衣

 例句:I have many shirts of different colors.

 我有很多不同颜色的衬衣。

 14. take off v. 起飞

 例句:The plane took off despite the fog.

 尽管有雾,飞机仍照常起飞。

 15. while conj. 当…的时候

 例句:Strike while the iron is hot.

 趁热打铁。

 高考英语阅读的高频词汇 篇3

 fare n. (车、船等)费

 farewell int. 再会;n. 告别,欢送会

 farm n. 农场,饲养场;v. 耕作

 farmer n. 农夫,农场主

 farming n. & a. 农业(的)

 fascinate a. 迷住,强烈的吸引

 fascinating n. 迷人的,醉人的

 fascination n. 迷惑力,迷恋

 fashion n. 时尚,时装,风格,式样

 fashionable a. 时髦的,高级的

 fast 1 a. 快的,迅速的,坚固的,牢固的;ad. 紧紧地,牢固地,迅速地

 fasten v. (使)固定,系牢,绑紧,扣紧

 fat a. 肥胖的,脂肪多的;n. 脂肪

 fatal a. 致命的,关键的

 fate n. 命运

 father n. 父亲,创始人,发明者,神父,上帝

 fatigue n. & v. 疲劳,疲乏

 fault n. 过失,缺点,故障

 faulty a. 有错误的,不完善的

 favor n. 赞赏,嘉许,偏袒,偏爱,恩惠,善行;vt. 偏爱,赞同

 favorable a. 有利的,赞同的`,满意的

 favorite a. 心爱的;n. 物别受人喜欢的人(物)

 fax n. 传真

 fear n. 恐惧;v. 害怕,担心

 fearful a. 可怕的,担心的

 feasible a. 可行的,可能的

 feast n. 宴会,宗教节日;v. 宴请

 feather n. 羽毛

 feature n. 特征,特色,脸上的一部分,五官之一(报纸的)特写

 高考英语阅读的高频词汇 篇4

 一、 按大词(动词、名词)记忆

 look 的常用短语:

 look up ? in查找

 look sb. up and down 上下打量

 look back to/ upon回顾

 look upon?as把? 看作

 look forward to期待

 look through浏览; 看穿

 take a new look呈现新面貌

 fear的常用短语:

 in fear害怕地

 (be) in fear of 害怕

 for fear of/ that担心;生怕

 concentrate 的常用短语:

 concentrate on 专心?

 concentrate one’s mind on 专心于?

 类似的短语:

 fix one’s mind upon

 focus on

 put one’s heart into

 focus one’s mind on

 surprise常用短语:

 in surprise惊讶地

 to one’s surprise 使某人惊讶的是

 be surprise at/to do/that

 对某事感到惊讶

 表示“穿衣”的动作或状态的词和短语

 1.表示动作的有:

 pull on

 put on

 dress

 dress sb

 2. 表示状态的有:

 wear

 be in

 be dressed in

 have … on

 常见表“喜欢”的短语和单词

 like

 care for

 be attached to

 be keen on

 be fond of

 take delight in…

 trouble的常用短语:

 have much trouble / no trouble (in) doing 在?有/没有困难

 take great trouble to do

 不辞辛劳做某事

 put sb to the trouble of doing …

 为难某人做某事

 make trouble捣乱

 be in (great) trouble

 惹麻烦;处在困境中

 help sb. out of trouble

 帮某人摆脱困境

 end的常用短语:

 come to an end?结束

 put an end to 结束?

 on end竖起, 连续

 in the end终于; 最后

 end up (by) doing?以?结束

 make both ends meet收支相抵

 表示“导致”、“由?引起”的短语:

 1. 导致

 cause sth. (to do)

 result in

 lead to

 2. 由?引起

 be caused by

 result from

 grow out of

 lie in

 表“全力以赴”的短语:

 do / try one’s best

 spare no efforts to do

 take great pains to do

 go all out to do

 do what somebody can (do) to do

 do all somebody can (do) to do

 direction常用短语:

 in (the ) direction of?.朝?方向

 under the direction of ...在?的指导下

 follow the directions照说明去做

 far常用短语:

 far from (being)离?要求相差很远

 far from +(a place)距离某地很远

 far away遥远

 so far 到目前为止; 那么远

 as far as sb. knows/sees据某人所知

 by far

 (最高级前,比较级后)起强调作用

 distance常用短语:

 in the distance在远处

 from/ at a distance从远处

 keep sb. at a distance

 于某人保持一定距离

 It is no distance at all.不远

 use常用短语:

 used to do过去曾经、常做

 be used to doing ?习惯于?

 be used to do被用来做?

 make good/ full use of充分利用?

 come into use开始使用?

 it is no use doing ?干?没有用

 “出了什么事”的几种不同表达

 What’s wrong with….?

 What’s the matter with…?

 What’s the trouble with…?

 What happened (to sb.) ?

 “众所周知”常用表达法:

 It is known to all that?主语从句,that不能省

 As is known to all,定语从句,置于句首

 We all know (that)后接宾语从句

 Everyone knows (that)后接宾语从句

 , which is known to all.非限定从句,置于句末

 表“同意某人意见”的常用短语:

 agree with sb. /what sb. said

 agree to sth.

 approve (of) sth.

 in favour of sth.

 be agreeable to sth.

 be for sth.

 “不同意”

 disagree with sb./ what sb. said

 object to sth.

 disapprove (of) sth.

 be against sth.

 sign的常用短语:

 sign one’s name签名

 sign to sb (not) to do sth.

 示意某人(不)做某事

 signs of …

 ?的迹象

 would rather 与 prefer 的区别

 1.宁愿做?而不做?

 would rather do A than do B

 prefer A to B

 prefer to do A rather than do B

 2. would rather 主语 + 过去式,表示“宁愿”

 eg. I would rather you came tomorrow than today.

 should prefer sb. to do sth./ should prefer 主语 + 过去式,表示“比较喜欢?” eg. I should prefer you not to go there alone.

 OR: I should prefer that you did not go there alone.

 trap常用短语

 be caught in a trap落入圈套

 be led into a trap中圈套

 set a trap to do sth.设圈套?

 be trapped in sth.被?..所围困

 grow常用短语

 in the grow of在?.成长中

 grow up长大; 成长

 grow rich on靠?.. 变富

 grow into长成?

 grow out of由?..引起/滋生出

 make常用短语

 be made up of =consist of 由?组成

 make up for弥补

 be made from/ of由?造成

 make up编造;组成;化妆

 be made into制成?

 make fun of取笑; 嘲弄

 make a living 谋生

 supply, provide, offer 的区别:

 1.表示“向某人提供某物”

 supply / provide sb. with sth.

 supply / provide sth. for sb.

 supply sth. to sb.

 offer sb. sth.

 2. 表示“主动提出做某事”

 offer to do sth.

 3. 表示“倘使”、“假如”

 provided / providing that

 = on condition that

 =only if

 4. 表示“满足需要”supply / meet a need.

 supply的常用短语

 in short supply 缺乏,不足

 medical/military supply医疗/军用品

 supplies of?许多

 lack的常用短语

 be lacking in sth. 在?不足

 make up for the lack of

 弥补?的不足

 for/by/from/through lack of…

 由于?不足,缺乏

 have no lack of不缺

 damage的常用短语

 do damage/harm to 对?有害

 cause damage to 对?造成损害

 ask for damage要求赔偿

 die of 与die from 的区别

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